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Plessy v. Ferguson
A case about a man who was ejected from a train because he, being in 1/8 African-American, refuse to move to a segregated train car. The Supreme Court found that the doctrine of separate but equal in the state of Louisiana did not violate either the 13th or 14th of amendment of the Constitution. This case became the basis for segregated schools in the south. -
Cochran v. Louisiana State Board of Education
The court upheld a lower court's decision that providing schoolbooks to children in parochial and private schools did not violate the Constitution. -
Brown v. Board of Education of Topeka
Supreme Court rescinded the courts view in Plessy v. Ferguson that supported the "separate but equal" doctrine. The court declared that "separate but equal has no place in public education" and that "separate facilities are inherently unequal." -
Title IV or Higher Education Act (HEA) of 1965
This law allows financial assistance for students. It increased federal money given to university, created scholarships, gave low-interest loans for students, and established a National Teachers Corps. -
Serrano v. Priest
The California Supreme Court found that the state formula for distributing school aid unconstitutionally discriminated against students in low income districts. -
Guadalupe Organization, Inc. v. Tempe Elementary School District No. 3
A suit brought in an Arizona State Court on behalf of Yaqii Indian and Mexican American children disproportionately placed in special education classes based on IQ test given in English, an out of court settlement involved reevaluation of these students and testing in their primary language. -
Milliken v. Bradley I
The Detroit school district was not allowed to require cross district busing to desegregated its schools. The court said that "it must first be shown that there has been a constitutional violation within one district that produces a significant segregative effect in another school district." This case is generally thought to be the beginning of the end of school busing as a tool of desegregation. -
Education of All Handicapped Children Act
The US Congress established that all school districts are responsible for education "in the least restrictive environment for all children, regardless of handicapping condition." -
Plyler v. Doe
The Supreme Court held that children of undocumented immigrants, while illegally in this country, were still people, and thus entitled to protection - including education - under the 14th amendment; thus, school districts had to educate them. -
Alida Star Gebser and Alida Jean McCullough v. Lagos Vista Independent School District
The Supreme Court ruled that damages may not be recovered for sexual harassment of a student by a teacher unless an official of the school district who at a minimum has authority to institute corrective measures on the district's behalf has actual notice of, and is deliberately indifferent to, the teacher's misconduct.
