-
Brown Vs. The Board of Education of Topeka Washington
Not directed at students with disabilities, the decision of Brown vs. Board of Education was to end racial segregation in public schools. The law stated that regardless of race, students were entitled to a FAPE. This decision paved the way for later acts that were specific to children with disabilities. The law provided a basis for later laws such as The Education for all Handicapped Children Act and later IDEA.
https://www.history.com/topics/black-history/brown-v-board-of-education-of-topeka -
Pennsylvania Association for Retarted Children (PARC) vs. Commonwealth of Pennsylvania
PARC vs. The Commonwealth of Pennsylvania court decision was one of the groundbreaking decisions in law regarding children with disabilities. This was the 1st right-to-education act in the country. The case was quickly settled and the state agreed to offer children with disabilities a FAPE. This law also paved the way for many later laws such as PL 94-142.
https://www.pubintlaw.org/cases-and-projects/pennsylvania-association-for-retarded-citizens-parc-v-
commonwealth-of-pennsylvania/ -
Mills Vs. The Board of Education- District of Columbia
Mills Vs. The Board of Education- District of Columbia was an extremely important law decision that led to the passing of the 504 law. The students who were being represented in this case had been identified as having behavioral problem,"MR",emotional disturbance and/or hyperactive. They were being excluded from school and denied educational services.The court determined each child had a right to FAPE. - https://usedulaw.com/438-mills-v-board-of-education-of-the-district-of-columbia.html -
The Rehabilitation Act
The Rehabilitation Act of 1973 prohibits discrimination on the basis of disability in programs that are conducted by federal agencies. Section 504 of the Rehab Act ends discrimination against qualified individuals with disabilities by any company or activity receiving federal financial assistance or by any program or activity conducted by a federal executive agency or the U.S. Postal Service.
https://www.askearn.org/topics/laws-regulations/rehabilitation-act/ -
Education for All Handicapped Children Act
This was the first special education law that was directed at students with physical and mental disabilities. The law stated that public schools must provide these children with their special needs as well as the same opportunities as every other child. The main goal of this law was to make special education services accessible to children who require them.
https://www.masters-in-special-education.com/lists/5-important-special-education-laws/ -
Board of Education of the Hendrick Hudson Central School District vs. Rowley
Amy Rowley was a young girl who was deaf. Her parents requested that Amy have a sign language interpreter to help her with her classes. Shortly after it was determined that Amy could complete her school work adequately with the use of an FM hearing system and and lip reading. It was determined that she was entitled to FAPE, and the fm system was adequate.
https://www.britannica.com/topic/Board-of-Education-of-the-Hendrick-Hudson-Central-School-District-v-Rowley -
The Closing of Willowbrook State School
Willowbrook State School closed in 1987 after a news journalist named Geraldo Rivera reported on the atrocities that were happening behind the facility walls. The overcrowding and little amount of staff were to blame for the inhumane conditions for the people living in the school. https://disabilityjustice.org/the-closing-of-willowbrook/ -
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act
The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act or IDEA was first written in 1990, but adapted in 2004. This law ensures that students with special educational needs receive the free appropriate pubic education that they are entitled to. This law requires the least restrictive environment. This law helped students receive the special needs that they require while also participating in Gen Ed.
https://www.masters-in-special-education.com/lists/5-important-special-education-laws/ -
No Child Left Behind Act
Elementary and Secondary Education Act, called for schools to be held accountable for the performance of all students, whether or not they had disabilities. The act requires the school to develop routine assessments of students academic skills. Provides incentives for schools who demonstrate progress in students with special needs.
https://www.masters-in-special-education.com/lists/5-important-special-education-laws/ -
Timothy O. Vs. Paso Robles USD
The school district in question had denied a preschooler a FAPE by relying on the school psychologists observations in determining further testing.They determined he only had an expressive language impairment. The student was later tested by the regional center and was determined to be on the Autism spectrum, this was not discussed at his IEP meeting.
http://girardedwards.com/9th-circuit-school-district-denies-fape-to-student-by-failing-to-assess-in-all-areas-of-suspected-disability/
