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Dr. Joseph Murray performs the first kidney transplant between identical twins.
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Dr. James Watson and Dr. Francis Crick reveal the 3-D structure of DNA.
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Scientists understand genetic code for the first time.
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The existence of reverse transcriptase is predicted.
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The DNA fingerprinting technique is developed.
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Human skin is produced for the first time in the lab.
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The complete genetic code of the human chromosome is deciphered.
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An era of very rapid shotgun sequencing of major genomes is completed.
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Celera and NIH complete sequencing of the human genome.
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Scientists discover how to use human skin cells to create embryonic stem cells.