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Social Darwinism
A ideology based on the theories of evolution published by Charles Darwin, "Social Darwinists" argued that government interference in society such as regulating the economy or decrease poverty went against nature, as by Darwin's studies, it prevented natural competition and selection. -
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Tin Pan Alley
Tin Pan Alley was the name for a group of musicians who were extremely popular during the 19th into the early 20th century. -
Frances Willard
Frances Willard was a women's suffragist who majorly influenced the ratification of the 18th and 19th amendment. For 19 years, she served as president of the Woman's Christian Temperance Union where she pushed progression for federal aid in multiple aspects of education. -
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The Great Migration
The great migration was the mass movement of african americans from the south to the north. They migrated in search for better economic oppurtunities and the "american dream". After WWI, the high demand for labor was a good chance for african americans to make money. -
Federal Reserve System
The federal reserve system was a central banking system of the United States. Although the system was created in 1913, the system "came of age" in the 1920's, where it was believed that the banks presence in the market was necessary to prevent economic crisis. -
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Harlem Renaissance
The Harlem Renaissance was a movement that formed around african-american culture. African americans began to showcase their pride. This included art, music, and literature. -
1st Red Scare
The first red scare was a period of nationwide paranoia towards communists, socialists, and anarchists. This began after the Russian Revolution and their goal of a worldwide communist revolution. -
Warren G. Harding's "Return to Normalcy"
The "Return to Normalcy" refers to returning to the way life was before WWI, which Warren G. Harding promised during his presidential campaign in the election of 1920. -
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Prohibition
Prohibition refers to the years when the sale and consumption of alcohol was banned nationwide. This was a result of mass protesting and propoganda. There were multiple reasons why alcohol was banned. Corporations felt it hindered the productiveness of their workers. Women felt it was ruining their families. Prohibition was lifted in 1933. -
Teapot Dome Scandal
The Teapot Dome Scandal was the reveal of bribery in the U.S.
A cabinet member named Albert Bacon Fall leased petroleum reserves to private oil companies. The lease terms were beneficial to the oill companies, but also (illegally) made Albert very rich. He was convicted and sent to prison. -
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Scopes Monkey Trial
A legal case where a high school teacher was accused of going against the state's rules and teaching human evolution to students. Scopes was found guilty and fined. The trial attracted national publicity. -
William Jennings Bryan
William J. Bryan was a Nebraska congressman and eventually secretary of state to President Woodrow Wilson. He supported peace, prohibition, and suffrage. -
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The Great Depression
The Great Depression was a period of severe economic instability that occured after the stock market crash. There was a dramatic increase in % of people unemployed and nearly all of the banks had failed. -
Stock Market Crash "Black Tuesday"
A fatal hit on Wall Street, where billions of dollars were lost, thousands of investors were wiped out, and ultimately sent American spiraling right into the Great Depression -
The 20th Amendment
The 20th amendment states the dates a member joins the congress and must leave congress. It's reffered to as the "lame duck amendment" because members of congress would stay in office long after they had already been replaced after election. -
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Relief, Recovery, Reform
FDR introduced the three R's which are relief, recovery, reform.
relief: action to halt economies deterioration
recovery: programs to jump-start the flow of consumer demand
reform: programs to avoid another depression and insurance against economic disasters. -
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The New Deal
The New Deal was a series of programs implemented by FDR that were created to help repair America post-WWI. Different programs focused on different things, such as the arts, education, and poverty. -
Tennessee Valley Authority
The TVA was created in order to provide navigation, electricity, and economic development to the Tennesse Valley. The Tennesse Valley suffered greatly during the Great Depression. -
Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FCIC)
The FCIC was a program created to protect people who had money invested in banks in case of another great depression. Before, if someone had money in a bank and that bank failed, they would lose all their money. The FCIC continues to prevent that to this day. -
21st Amendment
The 21st amendment was passed in order to repeal the 18th amendment, which prohibited the sale and consumption of alcohol. It is the only amendment that has been passed for the purpose of repealing a prior amendment. -
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The Dust Bowl
The Dust Bowl was a time where massive dust storms damaged the Great Plains region. This was caused by a drought and poor dryland farming methods. -
Securities and Exchange Commision
The SEC is responsible for regulating the nation's stock and options exchanges, enforcing federal securities laws, and leading other organizations. -
Social Security Administration (SSA)
The SSA is a social insurance program that provides financial support to people who've retired, are disabled, or people who've had their spouse or parent die. The benefits recieved are based on the persons income. -
Marcus Garvey
Marcus Garvey was a social activist born in Jamaica. Garvey founded the Universal Negro Improvement Association which supported resettlement in Africa. Garvey was the catalyst for a global mass movement called "Garveyism" which advancd pan-african philosophy. -
Franklin D. Roosevelt
FDR was elected president in 1933 and was elected 4 more times total. He led the US through the great depression with his New Deal programs that enormously helped repair America economically, politically, and socially. -
Eleanor Roosevelt
Eleanor was the first lady - married to president Franklin Roosevelt. Eleanor gave press conferences, and was uniquely very active in politics and was often by FDR's side when he was too ill to make decisions himself. -
Dorothea Lange
Dorothea Lange was a popular photographer during the Great Depression, where she took pictures of the unemployed people, mostly displaced famers, in their daily life of poverty. She heavily influenced the innovation of "documentary photography" -
Langston Hughes
Langston Hughes was an african-american poet who's work, which focused on showing the beauty and pride of african-american life, made him a major contriubter to the Harlem Renaissance. During his life he spent a lot of time in Harlem clubs, which influenced his work and made him one of the founders of jazz poetry. -
Charles A. Lindbergh
Lindbergh was famous for making the first non-stop flight across the Atlantic Ocean alone. He flew over 50 combat missions during WWII and was eventually appointed a brigadier general by President Eisenhower in 1954. -
Clarence Darrow
Darrow was a lawyer who worked in many significant trials in the 1920's. He defended Eugene V. Debs from the pullman strike, william haywood, nathan leopold and many others. He was also a public speaker and writer. -
henry ford
Henry Ford was the catalyst for the introduction of the assembly line, which significantly advanced the industrial revolution. Ford was world-famous for his cars and his company contiues to flourish to this day.
