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Bartoleme De Las Casas and Juan Gines De Sepulveda argued over whether the encomienda system, a system which was supposed to offer safety for Natives in America and Spain resources from the New World, benefited or hurt the Natives. Sepulveda argue that the slaves were doing the work because they were "natural slaves", a popular idea of Social Darwinism, and Las Casas argued that this system was cruel to the Natives and was one of the only times one spoke out against the treatment.
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Virginia Company established the House of Burgesses to look over Jamestown. First evidence of self-government in the colonies.
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Pequot Natives murdered a English fur trader which angered the settlers. Massive massacre of the tribe of 500 individuals regardless of gender and age. Tribe either dead or relocated to the Caribbean.
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Chief of the Wampanoags led an army due to rising tensions between the English and Natives over encroaching on their land. Ended Native Resistance and increase tensions between Natives and settlers.
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Trials in Salem accusing girls of being witches for challenging Puritan ideals. 20 girls were executed in Salem and the Puritan image was damaged.
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Upheaval of Christian religious attendance and converts. Preachers would preach sermons in front of big crowds and try to convert others to Christianity. Building block for the heavy religious ideas during the Revolution against the British.
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Slave rebellion. raided a store and got weapons and marched the Stono shore in South Carolina to find freedom. 200 slaves killed and 24 white men killed. Ended with stricter slave laws.
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War between the British and the French and Indians. British won and gains control of Ohio River Valley. Leads to increased taxing of the colonies due to war debts.
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Act putting a tax on all paper letters and deliveries in America. The end of salutary neglect between the English and America due to debts of the French and Indian War. Increased tension between America and the English building up to the Revolutionary War.
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A response to the Tea Act where Americans dressed up as Native Americans and threw overboard crates of tea in opposition of Britain and showing their defiance. The Sons of Liberty, a boycott group, organized this protest.
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1st Battle of the Revolutionary War. Where the imfamous "shot heard round the world" was. American's claimed victory.
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Last battle of the Revolutionary War. General Cornwallis was surrounded. British troops on land, French in the water. Forced to surrender.
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Compromise after the House of Representatives was made for small rural communities who did not have many people. Slaves counted as 3/5 of a person. Southern states gained more representation.
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Increase in religion revivals and increased reform movements such as Temperance and prison reform. Also gave moral reasoning against slavery. Baptist and Methodist denominations become the largest.
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Eli Whitney creates the cotton gin to make cleaning of cotton quicker as well as decrease slavery. Ends up having opposite affect and increasing the slave population to produce more cotton.
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Acts passed by John Adams to limit immigration and keep people from speaking out against the government, impeding on their 1st amendment right. Adams lost popularity due to this.
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War between Americans and British of British impressment of US sailors. Americans won the war and this increased in American nationalism.
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Influx of Irish and German immigrants into America. Irish came to America due to the Potato Famine and Germans came to escape autocratic rulers in Germany. Contributed things such as the Christmas Tree.
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Declared that Europe should not interfere in the Western Hemisphere. Any attempt to cross over would be seen as a threat to the US
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Andrew Jackson made this so Southern States could get more plantation land. Moved native tribes west to Oklahoma onto reservations. Trail of Tears occurred because of this.
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War with Mexico after the Annexation of Texas. Gained the Mexican Cession which expanded the US territory
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Speech given by vice president of the Confederacy, Alexander Stephens, stating that the causes of the Civil War including issues over slavery.
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Where the Civil War began. Congress declared war on the Confederacy the day after the Battle
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Lincoln gave this to give hope to slaves in the south that they would become free.
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Turning point of the war and made it clear the North was going to win. Bloodiest Battle of the war with 50,000 deaths.
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Gave rights to slaves including the 14th and 15th Amendment. 13th Amendment freed all slaves in the US
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Black Codes limited the rights of freed slaves mostly for voting rights. Included the Grandfather clause and literacy tests.
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Term given to the late 1800s and early 1900s for its golden layer but underneath there was trouble and turmoil. Name was made by Mark Twain to explain how the US was during these years Post Civil War.
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Ended the disputed election of 1876 between Rutherfor B. Hayes and Samuel Tilden. Rutherford B. Hayes became president and troops that were occupying the south post-Civil War were to be taken out.
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Immigrant surplus during the late 1800s from Southern and Eastern European countries
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Ended Chinese immigration to the US because Americans felt threatened by the job competition
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100,00 workers rioted in Chicago to protest police brutality. Bomb killed and injured many people. Bombers were immigrants and created anti-immigrant sentiments in Americans.
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Massacre of Sioux Indians in response to the Ghost Dance Movement. Ended Indian Resistance.
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Railroad companies over-extended themselves causing bank failures. Worst economic collapse prior to the Great Depression
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Court Case the rules "seperate but equal". Created Jim Crow laws and increased segregation in the south.
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War after the sinking of the U.S.S. Maine. US won and gained control of Guam, the Philippines, and Puerto Rico.
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Final cause of the start of World War I in Europe
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Set limitations of immigrants to the US due to rising fear of immigrants and change of the American life style. 3% of the population of immigrants currently in the US could come into the US.
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Result of Buying on Credit and Buying on Margin. Economic bust that affected the world.
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Code name for the project to build the Atomic Bombs used to destroy Hiroshima and Nagasaki to end the Pacific Theater.
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Bombing of military base Pearl Harbor by Japanese which brought America in World War II
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Forceful move of Japanese to camps in fear of spies on the US during the war
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Exchange of deadly threats between America and the Soviet Union. Barely any confrontation throughout the war.
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Court case which led to the former ruling of separate but equal as unconstitutional and integrated public schools.
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Satellite sent into space by the Soviet Union and made America worry about being behind in technology and science. Led to increase in science education and the creation of NASA.
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Due to the rise of communism in Cuba after Fidel Castro came to power, JFK issued a military offensive (the Bay of Pigs). After the Bay of Pigs failure, Cuba and the USSR became partners against the US. The USSR sent missiles to Cuba for defense. Because use of nuclear weapons would result in mutually assured destruction, the US and the USSR were at a stalemate for 13 days. The crisis ended with an agreement that the USSR would remove their missiles from Cuba and the US from Italy and Turkey.
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Lyndon B. Johnson's program to provide help for the elderly and poor, better education, and reform programs. War on poverty came out from this as well as many Liberal reforms that still exist today.
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The spying done by Republicans on Democrats at the Democratic National Convention in the Watergate Hotel sponsored by Richard Nixon. Before he got impeached he resigned from the presidency. Loss of trust in the government.
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The capture of 53 American embassy workers in Tehran. Weakened the Carter Presidency. Hostages were released on Reagan's inaugural date.
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Secret weapon transactions between Iran and Reagan. Prohibited by US Congress or violated public policy of government.
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Demonstration for democratic rights by students in China. Chinese government intervened and fired upon civilians.
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Iranian invasion of Kuwait for oil reserves. US intervened and aided Kuwait.
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Ended Affirmative Action which would give people of color benefits that non-people of color wouldn't get.
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Clinton lied under oath about his relations with Monica Lewinsky. Was impeached for perjury.
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Terrorist attack on the World Trade Center, Pentagon, and Pennsylvania. Led to the War on Terror.
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High voter turn out of youth and minority groups and led to the election of the first African-American president in American History.
