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The Judiciary Act of 1801 helped reduce the size of Supreme Court. Instead of six justices, there became five. It also created sixteen new federal judgeships. The federalists made this act in order to control the branches of government.
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He went from serving in the Virginia Legislature to becoming John Adams Vice President. After Adams presidency, Thomas Jefferson became the Third President of the U.S. He served two terms from 1801 to 1809.
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The Tripolitan War was the conflict between the United States and Tripoli which is in Libya. Conflict began when the United States refused to pay the rulers of the North African Barbary States. The Pasha of Tripoli began to ask for more money and eventually they began to attack the United States for not paying them. Thomas Jefferson sent the navy out onto Tripoli waters. The Tripolitan War lasted until June 4, 1805 because of the strong naval blockade the United States used.
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Thomas Jefferson purchased Louisiana in 1803 which expanded the U.S. territory greatly. A lot of that land was unexplored, so Thomas Jefferson sent Meriwhether Lewis and William Clark to explore the new land. Lewis and Clark discovered unfamiliar animals and plants, along with an Indian woman named Sacagawea who would accompany them on their exploration.
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The Supreme Court announced that a court can call an act of Congress void if it did not match up with what the Constituion declares. James Madison refused William Marbury's commision, so he petitioned for a writ that would help recieve more commisions. The Chief Justice denied his petition which ended the case of Marbury VS Madison.
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Napolean, the ruler of France, convinced the King of Spain to give the Louisiana Territory to France. They wanted this land so Britain would not have any control in America incase they lost the war. In the end, Jefferson ended up purchasing Louisiana from Napolean for $15 million dollars.
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The revolution was led by a former slave, Toussaint I'Overture, who helped abolish slavery in Santo Domingo and declared himself the governer of Hispaniola. Overall, the revolution caused more racial instability in America which caused fear of problems with trading. Thomas Jefferson feared that the revolution would cause an upheaval against slavery in the United States.
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The Orders in Council of Great Britain was a rule made by the advice of the minister. The Orders imposed a blockade on Europe ports in order to control the foreign trading. In return, the French seized the merchant ships.
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The Chesapeake Affair began with the attack on the American ship, the Chesapeake. The American commander of the ship would not let deserters aboard his ship. It resulted in the death of three Americans and the harming of many others.
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The Embargo Act of 1807 stopped all trading between the United States and other nations on request by Thomas Jefferson. The economy was hurt by this act which caused citizens to be outraged.
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It replaced the Embargo Act of 1807. The purpose of the Non-Intercourse was to allow the U.S. to trade with all nations besides France and Britain.
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Macon's Bill No.2 replaced the Non-Intercouse and re-opened trade with Britain and France. The U.S. could stop trading with them if they did anything wrong. If they did, the U.S. would go back to the Embargo Act.
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The supreme court ruled that a land grant made by Georgia was unconstitutional. Georgia claimed they rightfully owned the Yazoo lands. Robert Fletcher and John Peck were spectators of the Yazoo lands. Peck claimed that he did not sell his part of the land to Fletcher but in the end, both got their land secured while Fletcher still tried to win the case.
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The Battle of Tippecanoe took place in Prophetstown which was the Indian capital. Tenskwatawa, also known as the prophet, requested a ceasefire that William Henry Harrison, leader of the U.S. over the Shawnee indians, doubted that it would remain like this so a battle began. The U.S. and the Native Americans both suffered losses that were equal even though it is known as a U.S. victory. William Henry Harrison's reputation became known throughout the U.S. and he was elected president in 1840.
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Fought between the U.S. and Great Britain. The British were capturing U.S. ships and impressing the sailors which caused America to fight back. The war ended with the Treaty of Ghent on February 17, 1815.
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Ended the War of 1812. Signed in Ghent, Belgium by American and British representatives. All conquered territory was returned and the U.S. and Canada boundary was planned to be settled.
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A secret meeting in Connecticut who did not like James Monroe's policies on commerce. Federalists from Connecticut, Rhode Island, Massachusetts, New Hampshire, and Vermont made up the meeting.
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The Panic of 1819 marked the end of the Era of Good Feelings. It was the first financial crisis in the United States. The economy collpased, banks failed, people were forced off their land, and people became unemployed. This was due to the change in conservative credit policies by the Second Bank of the United States.
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The King of Great Britain, George III, had a charter granted the Dartmouth College. The document set structure to the school. The legislature of New Hampshire altered the charter and soon the school became public. The trustees of the college felt that the ruling was unjust so they moved the issue to court. The college trustees won so the college became a private institution and became like it once was.
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James Tallmadge Jr. proposed so the Missouri territory could become a free state. He sought to demolish slavery. Congress called the amendment unconstitutional because it did not pertain to the "all free states equal the number of slave states" rule.
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The United States and Spain divided their land in North America from Louisiana to Wyoming. Spain ceded Florida in exchange for Oregon and power over Texas.
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The state of Maryland to allow the legislature to impose taxes upon the bank. A worker at the Baltimore bank, James McCulloch, refused to pay his tax which led up to the court case against Maryland. Ultimately, the court was in favor of McCulloch and the law was changed so the bank could not be taxed.
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The compromise was formulated by Henry Clay. All states below the Missouri territory could have slaves whereas slavery was banned above that line. This compromise controlled slavery in the West.
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Farmers were concerned that they would lose their land due to the collapse of the economy. The act stopped allowing public land in America to be purchased on a credit. Congress reduced the price of land in the Ohio Territory drastically.
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A supreme court case where Mendes J. Cohen and Philip J. Cohen were fined $100 for selling the national lottery tickets in Virginia. Virginia ended up winning in this case.
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U.S. foreign policy was enunciated by James Monroe. It stated that the United States would not interfere with the internal affairs and the wars of Europe power and interefere with existing colonies in the West. Also, the West was closed for colonization and that any oppression over the West land would be considered a crime against the United States government.
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The supreme court ruled that the Commerce Clause of the Constitution gave congress the power to regulate commerce. The trial started because Thomas Gibbons, a steamboat owner, opposed the charges on his boat so he took his problems to court.
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Respresentatives from Russia and the United States signed the treaty to give Russia the Pacific Northwest of America south of the line 54 degrees 40' line.
