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The Sumer form the first towns and cities. They use irrigation to farm large areas of land. http://www.ducksters.com/history/mesopotamia/timeline.php
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The Sumer establish powerful city-states building large ziggurats at the center of their cities as temples to their gods. http://www.ducksters.com/history/mesopotamia/timeline.php
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Much of lower Mesopotamia is inhabited by numerous Sumer city-states such as Ur, Uruk, Eridu, Kish, Lagash, and Nippur. http://www.ducksters.com/history/mesopotamia/timeline.php
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The Sumerians invent the first writing. They use pictures for words and inscribe them on clay tablets. http://www.ducksters.com/history/mesopotamia/timeline.php
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The Sumerians begin to use the wheel on vehicles. http://www.ducksters.com/history/mesopotamia/timeline.php
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The Sumerians start to implement mathematics using a number system with the base 60. http://www.ducksters.com/history/mesopotamia/timeline.php
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The famous Sumerian King Gilgamesh rules the city-state of Ur. http://www.ducksters.com/history/mesopotamia/timeline.php
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The Sumerian language is replaced by the Akkadian language as the primary spoken language in Mesopotamia. http://www.ducksters.com/history/mesopotamia/timeline.php
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Sargon I of the Akkadians conquers most of the Sumerian city states and creates the world's first empire, the Akkadian Empire. http://www.ducksters.com/history/mesopotamia/timeline.php
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The Elamites capture Ur. http://www.ducksters.com/history/mesopotamia/timeline.php
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The Assyrians rise to power in northern Mesopotamia. http://www.ducksters.com/history/mesopotamia/timeline.php
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Hammurabi becomes king of Babylon. He establishes the Code of Hammurabi and Babylon soon takes over much of Mesopotamia. http://www.ducksters.com/history/mesopotamia/timeline.php
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Alexander the Great invades the land and conquers the Persian Empire. http://www.ducksters.com/history/mesopotamia/timeline.php