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France and Great Britain fought multiple wars. After 6 years of peace, the French–British conflict returned. French built Fort Duquesne in the Virginia-pensylvania reigon. So the Virginia governer sent militia to evict the French, This led to the 4th war between Great Britain and the French. Indians allied the French and suprised teh English.
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a general search warrant that allowed british costom officials to search colonial ships if they believed the ship was smuggling goods.
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Ended the French and Indian War. Great Britain claimed Canada and all of North America East of the Mississippi River. Britain took Florida from Spain. Treaty permitted Spain to keep all lands west of Mississippi and the city of new Orleans. France retained only a few islands and small colonies in the west indies.
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To rid of any further conflicts with the Native Americans,the British established a line along the Alps which Colonists were not allowed to cross. Colonists often ignores the proclomation.
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The sugar act cut the duty of foreign made molasses in half to lower the taxes and prevent smuggling. It also placed duties on imports that had not been taxed before. Colonists who violated this act would be tried in vice-admiralty court. Colonial merchants believed this act would reduce profits and believed it was unfair because they had not elected representatives.
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Imposed tax on documents, wills, newspapers, and playing cards. A stamp woul be placed on the item to prove the tax had been paid. Colonists united to defy the law. They boycotted until the stamp act was repealed.
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Same day as Stamp Act was repealed, Parlimetn passed the Declaratory Act. Asserted Parlimetns full right to "bind the colonies and people of America in all cases whatsoever"
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Samuel Adams led the Sons of liberty, a group that boycotted against British goods.
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Passed by Parliment, named after Charles Townshed, leading government minister. Taxed goods that were imported into the colony from Britain. Colonists protested "taxtation without representation" and boycotted british goods,.
North convinced parliment to repeal the townsed acts, except the tax on tea -
Britsih troops fired into the crowd killing 5 colonists because the were "taunted"
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Britain gave the East India Company special grants in the colonial tea buisness and shut out the colonial tea merchants.
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As a way of rebelling the Tea Act, a large group of Boston rebels disguised themseles as Native Americans and dumped 18,000 pounds of the East India company's tea int othe Boston Harbor.
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Shut down Boston harbor, authorized British commanders to house the soldiers in vacant private homes and buildings. Thomas Gage, Commander of British forces in North America was appointed Governer of Massachusettes.
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56 delegates met in philodalphia and drew up a declaration of colonial rights. Defended colony right to run their own affairs and stated that, if british used force against colonies, the colonies could fight back.
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civillian soldiers who pledged to be ready to fight against the British within a minute notice.
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rode out to spread word that 700 British troops were headed for Concord.
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British ordered the miutemen to lay down their arms and leave. Someone fired, and the British soldiers sent many shots into the departing militia. 8 minutemen died, 10 were wounded. 1 british soldier was wounded. only lasted 15 mins.
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British marched to Concord, as they were leaving back to Boston, 3000-4000 minutemen assembled and fired. Dozens of British soldiers fell, and the rest marched back to Boston, embarresed and with new enimies, the colonies.
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To debate next move. Congress agreed to recognize the colonial militia as the Continental Army and Appointed George Washington Commander.
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Colonial Militia was recognized as the Continental Army after the 2nd Continental Congress. Led by George Washington.
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Thomas Gage sent 2,400 Britiah aoldiers up Breed's hill. Colonists mowed down the redcoats before retreating. Colonists lost 450 men, British suffered more than 1000 casualties.
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Urged the "former harmony" between Britain and the Colonies. Hoping for peace. The petition was rejected and parlimetn was to order a naval blockade to isolate a line of ships that were meant for the American Coast.
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an agreement in which the people have natural rights to life, liberty, and property
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50 page pamphlet attacking King George and the monarchy. stating responsibility for the English Tyranny lay with the "royal brute of Britain"
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Written by Jefferson, included life, liberty, pursuit of happiness can never b e taken away. people have right to abolish the govt. overall declare independance from britain. July 4th 1776 the Declaration was adopted.
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loyalists- opposed independance and remained loyal with the british king.
Patriots- supported independance remained neutral. -
British attempted to sease NYC with an army of 32,000 soldiers to stop the rebellion. The colonial troups were unequiped and retreated soon after. By fall, the British had pushed Washington's army into pensylvania.
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Washington led 2,400 men in rowboats across the Delaware river in the winter climate. They then, defeated a garrison of Hessians in a suprise attack in Trenten, New Jersey.
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Burgoyne's plan was to meet British troops and join forces and Isolate New England from the rest of the Colonies. It failed because British officers never showed up. His troops surrendered when his troops were surrounded at Saratoga.
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After Saratoga, the French believed America had a chance winning the war. As a result, the French signed an alliance with the Americans.
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Friedrich, a Prussian captain/ Drill master helped train the Continental Army.Marquis, another military leader, offered them help as well. Marquis lobbied French reinforcements in 1779 and led a command in Viginia in the last years of war. With help from these two, the Continental army became a strong fighting force.
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Washington and his Continental Army were low on food and supplies and fought to survive at winter camp, Valley Forge, Pensylvania. Over 2,000 soldiers died, but the ones who lived didnt desert.
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British expedition took Savannah Georgia, easily. Then took Charlestown, South Carolina as their greatest victory in 1780. The Generals, Henry Clinton and Charles Cornwallis contributed greatly to this success.
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The Colonies learned of Cornwallis attack plans which contributed to their success. 17,000 French and American troops surrounded the British on the Yorktown Peninsula and attacked them into a surender.
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Confirmed U.S. independance and set boundries from the Atlantic Ocean to the Mississippi river. Canada to Florida border.
