-
French and Indian War
New France differed from British colonies. French colonists were young men, engaged in the fur trade. France and Britain fought over the Rich Ohio River valley. Native Americans were on both french and british sides. French Won. -
Treaty of Paris 1763
Britain's King George II selected new leaders to run his government. It was William Pitt the elder and self-confident politician. Britian started winning their battles, earned britain the support of the powerful Iroquois. British troops scaled the
high cliffs that protected the city and defeated the French in a surprise attack, British triumph at Quebec brought them victory in the war -
Proclamation of 1763
Bristish goverment prohibited colonist from settling in the west of Appalachian Mountains. Established a Proclamation Line along the Appalachians, also colonists were not allowed to cross. They were eager to expand westward from the increasingly crowded Atlantic seaboard, They continued to go into the Native Amerivans lands. -
Sugar Act & colonists response
Prime Primister, George Grenville concluded that colonists were smuggling good into the country without paying taxes. The sugar act did 3 thing havled the taxes of foriegn made molasses, so colonies would pay lower tax rather than smuggling, placed taxes on certain imports, proovided accused colonists of violating the act and be tried in a vice admiralty vourt rather than a colonial court -
Stamp Act & colonists response
Parlament passed the stamp act, imposed a tax on documents, printed items, newspaper and playing cards. Having a stamp means tax has been paid. First tax affected colonists because it was based on goods and service. -
Sons of Liberty is formed & Samuel Adams
Boston shopkeepers, artisans and labors organized the sons of liberty to protest the law. Samuel adams formed it. Parliment lacked, imposed taxes on colonies. Colonist were not represented -
Declaratory Act
Parliment passed the Declaratory at, asserted Parliaments full right "To bind the colonies and people of America" -
Townshend Acts & colonists response
Parliament passed Townshend Acts, it was named after Charles Townshend. The Townshend Acts taxed goods that were imported to the colony from the britains. Such as glass, lead, paint, and paper -
Why they were repealed
hostilities between British mounted colonists, Boston grew intense. City erupted in bloody clashes, had a protest, which pushed brirtish and colonist to war -
Boston Massacre
Mob gathered in from of Boston Custom House, British soldiers were standing guard. Shots were fired and the 5 colonists , including Crispus Attucks were killed or wounded -
John Locke's Social Contract
Enlightment thinkers were English philosopher was John Locke. He maintained that people have natural rights to life, liberty, and property. -
Tea Act
Lord North devised the Tea Act , he wanted to save the bankrupt British East India Comany. Granted the company to sell tea to the colonists free of the taxes and the tea sellers had to pay -
Boston Tea Party
Britisih rebels disguised themself as Native Americans and proceeded to take against three British tea ships anchored in the harbor -
Intolerable Acts
King George III pressed Parliament to act, Parliaments passed a series of measures that colonists called the Intolerable acts. One law shut down Boston harbor, The Quarting Act authorized British commanders, to house soldiers in vacant private homes and buildings. Gerneral Thomas Gage commander in chief of british forces in North America. was appointed to the new governor of Massachusetts -
First Continental Congress meets
the committees of correspondence assembled the First Continental Congress. Delegates met in Philadelphia and drew up a declaration of colnial rights. Defended the colonies right to run their own affairs and if british used force against the colonies. Colonies would fight back -
Minutemen
Minutemen were soldiers who pledged to be ready to fight against the british on a minute's notice quietly stockpiled firearms and gun powder. -
Battle of Lexington
It was the first military engagements of the American Revolutionary War. It was a battles marked the outbreak of open armed conflict between the Kingdom of Great Britain and thirteen of its colonies -
Battle of concord
British marched to Concord they found an empty arsenal. British soldiers lined up to march back to boston. March became a slaughter. -
Cotinental Army
George washington was commander -
Battle of Bunker Hill
British general Thomas Gage decided to stike at militiamen on Bread's Hills, north of the city. Gage sent 2,400 soliders up the hill. Colonists held their fire until last minute, then began to mow down. Colonist lost 450 men and british had suffered 1000 casualties. Bunker hill deadlist battle -
Olive Branch Petition
Growing crisis, colonists were uncertained about independence, and public opinion began to shift -
Second contiental congress
Colonial leaders called the second contenental congress in Philadelphia to debate their next move. Loyalties that divided colonists sparked endless debates at the Second contiental congress. A few dekegates called for independence, while others argued for reconciliation with Great Britian. Congress agreed to recognize the colonial militia as the continental army and appointed George Washington as commander -
Public of Common Sense
Thomas Paine published his pamphlet “Common Sense" , Paine attacked king George and his monarchy. He was against the king begun with the Lexington and Concrod. He declared that independece would allow for America would trade more freely. Common Sense sold 500,00 Copies -
Declaration of Independence
statement adopted by the Continental Congress in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania on July 4, 1776. No longer a part of the British Empire. Instead they formed a new nation United States of America, John adams was the leader for pushing Independence -
Loyalist
Loyalists who opposed independence and remained loyal to british king, judges andgovernors. Loyal thought british were going to win and wanted were going to win and wanted to avoid punishment as rebel. Others thought the crown would protect their rights more effectively than new colonial goverments. -
Patriots
African America fought on patriots side, others joined loyalist because british promised freedom to slaves who fought for crown -
Recoats push Washington's army
Bristish sailed to New York harbor summer of 1776 with 32,000 soldiers. Continental Army defended New york, Colonial troops retreated. British troops pushed Washingtons army across the Delaware River into Pennsylvania -
Washington's Christmas Night sirpise attack
Washington risked everything on one bold stroke set for christmas night. He led 2,400 men in small rowboats across the Ice -chocked Delaware River. Marcged to Trenton New Jersey, and defeated Hessians in a surprise attack. -
Saratoga
John Burgloyne planned to lead an army down a route of lakes from Canada to Albany. American saratoga, he surrendered on Oct 17, 1777. Surrendered at Saratoga, turned out to be an important event of the war -
Valley Forge
Events took place in Paris, Washington and his Army were low on food supplies, fought to stay alive at Winter Valley Forge Pennslyvania. 2000 soldiers died yet survivors didnt desert -
French American Alliance
French secertly aided the Patriots ealry 1776, Saratoga victory bolstered France's belief that Americans could win the war. French signed an alliance with the Americans in Feb 1778 and openly joined them in their fights -
Friedrich Von Steuben and Marquis De Lafayette
Friedrich Von Steubon, prussian captain and taled master helped train the continental army. Foreign millitary leader Marquis De Lafayette also arrived to help. Lafayette lobbied France for French reinforcement in 1779, led a command in Virginia in last years of war. Help of Europeans millitary leaders the Continental army became effective fighting force -
British victories in the south
British began to shift their operations to the South. British under Generals Henry Clinton and Charles Cornwallis captured Charles Town, South Carolina, in May 1780. British general then chose to move the fight to Virginia, led his army of 7,500 onto the peninsula between the James and York rivers and camped at Yorktown Cornwallis planned to fortify Yorktown, take Virginia, and then move north to join Clinton’s forces -
British surrender at Yorktown
armies of Lafayette and Washington moved south toward Yorktown, French naval force defeated a British fleet and then blocked the entrance to the Chesapeake Bay. Less than a month later, on October 19, 1781, Cornwallis finally surrendered. The Americans had shocked the world and defeated the British. -
Treaty of Paris
Peace talks began in Paris in 1782, In September 1783, the delegates signed the Treaty of Paris, which confirmed U.S. independence and set the boundaries of the new nation. United States now stretched from the Atlantic Ocean to the Mississippi River and from Canada to the Florida border. -
Writ of Assistance
-
Midnight riders