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End of French and Indian War
The war ends with a defeat for the French by the British and a signing a treaty called Treaty of Paris. It ensured European rivalry have to move to the north and south, which will strengthen the thirteen American colonies (The French and Indian War ends). -
Proclamation of 1763
The proclamation of 1763 was issued when the French and Indian war ended. It declared that all lands west of the Appalachians are off-limits to colonial settlers and forbade any agreements with the indians (Proclamation of 1763). -
Stamp Act (Cont)
"For every skin or piece of vellum or parchment, or sheet or piece of paper, on which shall be engrossed, written, or printed, any licence, appointment, or admission of any counselor, solicitor, attorney, advocate, or proctor, to practice in any court, or of any notary within the said colonies and plantations, a stamp duty of ten pounds" ("Stamp Act of 1765" 1) -
Stamp Act
All paper documents is taxed due to how bad the British was in debt from the French and Indian war. The Stamp Act "was the first internal tax" by the British on the American colonists. The American colonist argued that the Stamp Act was unconstitutional and they started to form mobs. The mobs would scare the stamp collectors and do very violent things to them until they woud resign (Stamp Act). -
Quartering Act
This act required American colonies to house and feed British soldiers. New York did not like being told to house British troops without consent and refused to follow this law. Parliment did not like that they were not obeying, so they passed the New York Restraining Act. "The Restraining Act prohibited the royal governor of New York from signing any further legislation until the assembly complied with the Quartering Act" (Parliament passes the Quartering Act). -
Stamp Act Congress
James Otis sent a letter to each colony "for a general meeting of delegates." The meetings about the Stamp Act were to be held in New York City. Nine out of the thirteen colonies showed up: New Hampshire, North Carolina, Virginia, and Georgia did not show up. "The meetings adopted a Declaration of Rights and wrote letters or petitions to the King and both houses of Parliament" (Stamp Act Congress). -
Boston Massacre
People in Boston did not welcome the British troops into their city leading to a riot with about 50 local people attacking the British sentinel. Only five people were killed during this massacre. This event lead to a town meeting wanting the British gone from Boston and the trialing of Captain Preston and his men for murder (The Boston Massacre). -
Tea Act
The tea act "was designed to prop up the East India Company which was floundering financially and burdened with eighteen million pounds of unsold tea." The tea were to be shipped to the colonies and the colonies were suppose to buy them for a set price. Leaders in America believed that this was a technique the British were using to enforce the other taxes that they had (The Tea Act). -
Boston Tea Party
Samuel Adams and the Sons of Liberty dumped 342 chests of tea into the Boston harbor. This event lead to the British coming up with the Coercive Act (Boston Tea Party). -
Coercive Act
The Boston Tea Party was the reason the British Parliment passed the Coercive Act. "The Coercive Acts were a series of four acts established by the British government." The Acts were the Boston Port Act, the Massachusetts Government Act, the Adminstartion Act, and the Quartering Act. Parliament passed these laws hoping to cut off Boston and New England from the other colonies, so the British can rule (British Parliament adopts the Coercive Act). -
First Continental Congress
Philadelphia is where the First Continental Congress organized a meeting to talk about the Coercive Act. Delegates from every colony came except for Georgia. "The Congress issued a Declaration of Rights, affirming its loyalty to the British Crown but disputing the British Parliament’s right to tax it." They passed the Articles of Association, which would stop the colonies from importing good to the British Isles. They broke apart on October 26th and went back home (The Continetal Congress). -
Lexington and Concord
700 British troops arrived to Lexington and came across around 77 militiamen. Shots were fired and only one British soilder got hurt while eight militiamen died and nine were injured. This battle was and easy victory for the British. The British started moving to Concord to search for more weapons (Battles of Lexington and Concord). -
Lexington and Concord
When the British arrived to Concord they were in for a nice treat by the people that lived there. The militiamen headed to the North Bridge and shot the British as they were coming up the small bridge. The British quickly retreated leaving their guns and uniforms. The militiamen continued to fire at them all the way to Menotomy and Cambridge (Battles of Lexington and Concord). -
Second Contiental Congress
"The members of the Second Continental Congress met at the State House in Philadelphia." Several new delegrates joined the Continetal Congress such as: Thomas Jefferson, Benjamin Franklin, and John Hancock. The meeting that was held started with the battle of Lexington and Concord. They also established that the militia is the Continental Army that will represent the thirteen colonies (The Second Continental Congress). -
New York Campaign
The New York campaign was a series of battles to take over New York. It was a war between the British and the American Continental Army. General Howe was commanding the British army and General Washington was commanding the Americans. General Howe drove Washington out of New York City. The british used this as their base throughout the war. The british were trying to take New Jersey, but they were unsuccessful (American Revolution: New York and New Jersey campaign (July 1776 - March 1777). -
Battle of Princeton
The battle of Princeton happened right after the batle of Trenton. Cornwallis had this plan to send his troops to guard the Delaware River, expecting Washington to come by there. Washington left his campfires and snuck around the British camp. They met the British rear guards heading north and outnumbered them. "Forty Patriots and 275 British soldiers died during ensuing Battle of Princeton." The "Howe brothers" gave Washington some of New Jersey after being defeated (The Battle of Princeton). -
Battle of Saratoga (Starts)
Burgoyne split his army into three columns to where he thought the Americans would be. One column would move west 2 miles inland and begin moving south. "A second column of British troops moved about a mile inland before moving south." The third one moved along the river road and the German troops were to defend the British goods. Daniel Morgan led his men and were taking out troops in Fort Edward. Clinton told Burgoyne he coud send his troops north from New York City on September 22 (Saratoga). -
Battle of Saratoga (Ending)
Burgoyne's army grew shorter and so did the supplies and manpower. The 13,000 american army was able to push the British back. As the British were withdrawling one of Morgans riflemen wounded one of the Britishs generals, Simon Fraser. The British fell back to the Balcarres Redoubt, due to the high defensive position it had. By nightfall, the Americans took it over and the British fell back to the Great Redoubt. They finally got surrounded by American militia and surrendered to Gates (Saratoga). -
Southern Campaign
The Southern Campaign all started when the British lost in the Battle of Saratoga. During the Southern Campaign, America suffered defeat from the British at the Camden, Waxhaws and Fishing Creek. The British were getting very confident that they were achieving the South. George Washington chose Nathaneal Greene to take over the situation in the South. Greene split his army, so he can move more widely in the Carolinas (The Southern Campaign of the American Revolution). -
Southern Campaign (Cont)
Greene put Morgan in charge of one of the Armys, which led to a victory at Cowpens. The British lost an oustanding amount of men during this battle. Guilford Courthouse was a stand-off right after the Battle of Cowpens, which caused the British to lose even more men (The Southern Campaign of the American Revolution). -
Articles of Confederation
"The Articles of Confederation was the United States' first constitution." The Continental Congress proposed this document in 1777, but it was not until March 1, 1781, when all the colonies ratified it. "The Articles of Confederation created a very weak central government." The only thing the Articles of Confederation really did was uphold state sovereignty. There was no president and the colonist were scared that another King would come in and threaten them of their liberties (191 Stobaugh) -
Battle of Yorktown
George Washington commanded a force of 17,000 French and American troops against the British General Cornwallis. Cornwallis had an army of 9,000 at Yorktown. Since Cornwallis chose the top of chesapeake it wads an advantage for the Americans because they had the french on sea coming from St. Domingue. George Washington ordered the Lafayette and the Army to block Cornwallis from Yorktown by land and the French by sea (Battle of Yorktown Begins). -
Battle of Yorktown (Continued)
"By September 28, Washington had completely encircled Cornwallis and Yorktown with the combined forces of Continental and French troops." Three weeks of nonstop battle, Cornwallis finally surrendered to George Washington on October 17, 1781. The peace negotiations begain in 1782 and the Treaty of Paris was signed on September 3, 1783. After 8 years of long battle, the United States is recognized as an independent and free nation (Battle of Yorktown Begins). -
Constitutional Convention
"The Constitutional Convention took place from May 14 to September 17, 1787, in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania." The purpose for the Constitutional Convention was to decide how America will be governed. The Convention was called to revise the Articles of Confederation, but a lot of delegates had bigger plans. James Madison and Alexander Hamiliton wanted to create a whole new government. Only 55 out of the 70 delegates decided to showed up to this event (The Constitutional Convention). -
Constitution Ratified
The Beginning of December five states ratified the constitution in a quick succession. The other states opposed the document due to the fact that it didnt reserve undelegated powers and lacked protection of rights such as freedom speech. On Feburary a compromise was made and Massachusetts, Maryland, and South Carolina ratified the constitution. On the 27th of June, New Hamphire became the ninth state to ratify the constitution followed by Virginia and New York (US Constitution Ratified).
