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France, Britain, Russia
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Militarism, Alliances, Imperialism, Nationalism, and Extreme Leaders
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Was the main theater of the first world war. The western front invaded Luxembourg and Belgium. Germany VS. France
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Eastern Front is where troops from Germany, Austria-Hungary, Turkey, Russia, and the Balkans fought. It was larger than the Western Front.
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Conditions were bad; Dead bodies, rats, lice, exhaustion, Miserable, riddled with disease, and trench foot.
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Austria-Hungary, Germany, Bulgaria, and the Ottoman Empire.
Fought against Allied Powers. -
Britain, France, Russia, Italy, and the United States.
Fought against central powers. -
The assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand. Ferdinand was from Austria-Hungary and was assassinated by Serb on June 28,1914
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Austria-Hungary declares war on Serbia (1914)
Germany declares war on Russia(1914)
Germany declares war on France (1914)
Great Britain declares war on Germany(1914)
Italy declares war on Austria-Hungary(1915)
United States declare war on Germany(1917) -
Guns, Zeppelin( airship), Gas (1915), Tank, Planes, and torpedoes.
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Group of ships sailing together for protection
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Signed on June 28th, 1919
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illegal bar that served liquor during Prohibition
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against prohibition
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Buying on credit and paying it back over time with interest
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President Harding's slogan to Americans that America needed to return the normal way of life before The Great War (World War I).
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banned the manufacture, sale, and transportation of alcohol
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young woman in the 1920's who declared her independence from traditional rules and fashion styles
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Time period where America was dry of alcohol due to the 18th Amendment
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a person who made and smuggled alcohol
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Women earned the right to vote after suffrage leaders held conventions, parades, silent protest, and hunger strikes
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Fear of communism
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A radical, anarchist, or communist
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fear of immagrants
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Movement in the 20th century emphasizing the literally interpretation of the Bible as a fundamental to Christian life and teaching
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a new dance fad of the 1920s
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neighborhoods that grew up around the cities because of the automobile
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a novelist who wrote about the jazz age of the 1920s
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a cultural movement: the rebirth of African American culture
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composer known for uniquely American music
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composer know for uniquely American music
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an economic and political system in which the state controls the means of production and a single party rules
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a famous painter that showed the story of the Great Migration
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electric stove, vacuum, refrigerator
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Gave women the right to vote
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baseball hero of the 1920s
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people who oppose all forms of organized government
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advertising and improved transportation led to the creation of national brands
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occurred because of competition between blacks and whites for jobs
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In 1927, the first "talkie" movie
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Famous jazz trumpet player during the Harlem Renaissance
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famous jazz musician and band director during the Harlem Renaissance
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poet during the Harlem Renaissance
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famous blues singer of the Harlem Renaissance
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an unintended consequence of Prohibition
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made the automobile affordable by using the assembly line
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First in flight
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repealed the 18th amendment
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the movement to ban alcohol
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an artist known for the painting of urban scenes, flowers, and the southwest
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Isolationism
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Moved to the North
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rising prices on the stock market encouraged people to take risks by
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movement from rural to urban areas
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development of national culture
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statistics describing populations
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numerical order
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the purchasing of stocks by paying only a small percentage (10%) of the price and borrowing the rest
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A Large numbers of African Americans leaving the South for the hopes/dreams/jobs of the North
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He did more than any other president before him had done during a depression.
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Fluctuations in economic activity such as employment and production.
Prosperity- (peak) extended the growth
Recession- (contraction) slowed down
Depression-(trough) lowest point
Recovery-(expansion) growth -
The central bank of the U.S.
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German politician and leader of the Nazi Party. He rose to power as Chancellor of Germany in 1933 and later Führer in 1934. born in 1889
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cutting income tax and created public work programs
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Huey Long, Charles Coughlin, and Dr. Francis Townsend
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Won big in the election of 1928. He promised to continue prosperity and pledged har work. He was popular with BOTH parties.
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Dependence on credit, unwise foreign policy, failing American farms/Agriculture, troubled American industry, uneven distribution of income, stock market speculation.
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author of the book The Grapes of Wrath
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Trickle down theory, reconstruction finance corporation, rugged individualism, indirect relief, bonus army, no deficit spending, Hawley-Smoot tariff, conservative approach, depression is a local problem, constructed the boulder dam, republican, federal farm board, balanced budget.
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Brain Trust, New Deal, Deficit spending, direct relief, liberal approach, appointed the first lady to the cabinet, elected president 4 times, fireside chats, adopted John Maynard Keynes Theory, 21st amendment, 3 R's - Relief(CCC, FERA, WPA), Recovery(AAA, NIRA, PWA), Reform(FDIC, NLRB, SEC, social security), Created FDIC, ordered bank holiday, Democrat, court packing affair.
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A group of WWI veterans that demanded early payment of their military bonus.
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American statesman and political leader who served as the 32nd president of the United States (born in 1882)
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The stock market lost almost 90% of its value, Around 11,000 banks failed, More than $1 billion in bank deposits were lost due to bank closings, Around 300,000 companies went out of business, Millions of people migrated away from the Dust Bowl region in the Midwest
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the worst economic downturn in the history of the industrialized world.
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A period of severe dust storms and drought.
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Italy invaded Ethiopia and took control
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Italy wanted to control the Mediterranean Sea
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Germany, Italy, Britain, and France
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stop further German aggression in Europe
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Hitler violated this treaty when he rearmed and sent troops to Rhineland
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Germany invaded Poland with blitzkrieg attack (WW II begins)
Japan gained control of Manchuria -
no arms from the United States
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Purpose to aid the Allies
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Great Britain, France, Soviet Union, and the United States
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Germany, Italy, and Japan
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Name given to the fighting that took place in Europe
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Hitler put the military in this demilitarized zone
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Hitler took over
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Giving in to the demands of an aggressor in order to keep the peace.
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Signed in 1938 between Great Britain, Germany, and France that gave part of Czechoslovakia to Germany
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An extreme form of fascism shaped by Hitler's fanatical ideas about German nationalism and racial superiority
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A war between the fascists and socialists that led to Spain becoming a Fascist country.
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A political system headed by a dictator that calls for extreme nationalism and no tolerance of opposition.
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Leader of Fascist Italy
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Signed between Hitler and Stalin agreeing not to attack one another
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Nationalism, Imperialism, the Great Depression, and the Treaty of Versailles
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Global War
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Period of no fighting September 1939 - April 1940
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Hitler's last major offensive
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used for sugar and shoes
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used for gasoline and fuel oil
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used for special, single item purchases such as tires, typewriters, and stoves.
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Taking of land/property
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extreme pride in one's nationality or country
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Building weapons or a strong military
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leaders who control all aspects of society
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a political philosophy, movement, or regime that exalts nation and often race above the individual and that stands for a centralized autocratic government headed by a dictatorial leader, severe economic and social regimentation, and forcible suppression of opposition
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December 7, 1941
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December 7, 1941.
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Allied: 8,607
German: 11,171 -
Allied: 83,000
German: 200,000 -
Allied: 1,452
German: 1,361 -
Dec. 16th, 1944
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Dec. 22nd, 1944
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Located in Belgium
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Hitler made the battle plan
The 6 elements are; Surprise, the strength of the blow, Speed of the advance, slow American response, poor performance by the GI's, and bad weather -
Nazi Aggression
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Collective security
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Hitler Invaded Poland
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a device used by the German military command to encode strategic messages before and during World War II
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Allied forces invaded northern France by means of beach landings in Normandy June 6, 1944
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The U.S. and Soviet Union were allies during WW2
Both countries spied on each other
Both wanted to share as little as possible in the victory over the Axis powers
Communism was spreading -
Stalin took over eastern Europe ----> The Iron Curtain
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Dictator of the Societ Union during WWII
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a resource-rich region in Northern China
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Limiting the purchase of a variety of products
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a system where cargo ships traveled in groups escorted by navy wasships
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The U.S. dropped an atomic bomb on Japan and Harry Truman made the choice
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It contributed to a drastic decline in international trade
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symbol of the cold war
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Mao Zedong created the Peoples Republic Of China
~North Korea
~Vietnam -
Hostility between post-WW2 superpowers: The U.S (Free World) versus USSR(Communist World)
~ would last about 45 years
~ Neither country directly fought one another -
wherever communism threatened globally
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(1957-1969)
1. launching satellites( Sputnik 1957; Soviet victory)
2. Race to the moon( U.S. victory) -
- Olympic games served as a cold war battlefield
- Stereotypes: A. we portrayed the Soviets as cold and ruthless B. They Portrayed Americans as spoiled and undisciplined.
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Arms Race, Space Race, Sports, and Movies.
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(Each side built up huge nuclear arsenals), 1949- USSR achieved an atomic explosion, Technology on both sides led to advanced: 1. destructive power 2. numbers of weapons( mutually assured destruction) 3. methods of delivery
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USSR's weaker communist system could not keep up the race; economic collapse.
~Mikhail Gorbachev was elected in USSR in 1985(introduced democratic reforms)
~ Soviet Union collapsed in 1991 -
they were both communists countries
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A region between countries in which no military activity is permitted
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used for meat and processed foods
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A society organized around preparing for the military conflict
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A military situation in which neither side can gain an advantage
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America's policy of stopping communism from spreading
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An economic system based on private property, including private ownership of the means of production, and the profit motive
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system of government in which a single party controls a state-owned economy
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divides north and south Korea
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International peace-keeping organization after World War II
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A policy that America would provide economic and military aid to any nation fighting communism
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Fidel-communist dictator of Cuba, Marshall Plan- aid will rebuild western Europe, Truman Doctrine-aid aimed at saving Greece and Turkey, Nikita Khrushchev- New Soviet Premier, Ronald Regan- Strategic defense initiative(star wars), John F. Kennedy- Bay of Pigs invasion, Dwight d. Eisenhower- Korean conflict ends in a stalemate at the 38th parallel, Geroge Bush Sr.-soviet union collapses, Harry Truman-2nd red scare, Richard Nixon- NASSA achieves moon landing
