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Europeans began to make long sea voyages.
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Africans beyond the Sahara began trading with Europeans who had recently arrived on their coastlines.
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African traders began to sell enslaved people.
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Europeans had built trading posts on the African coast.
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Southern and Eastern Africa were also colonized.
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Slave trade was mostly outlawed in this time.
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European powers began to colonize Africa.
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Africans regained power over their own lands.
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Several European powers controlled different parts of Africa.
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African countries gained mostly all of their independence in the mid-1900s.
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In South Africa, independence came as early as 1910.
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South Africa gained its independence from Britain.
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Nelson Mandela's birthday.
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In Kenya, the Kikuyu people started a political organization to secure their freedom from Britain.
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This was the only country that was never colonized, although it was invaded Italy failed to conquer it.
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African independence movements gained momentum at this time.
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South Africa adopted apartheid.
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The majority of Africa gained its independence at this time.
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Ghana became independent.
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Nigeria is now independent.
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Belgium granted the Belgian Congo its independence
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Nelson Mandela played a key role in ending apartheid. He was an ANC leader who was eventually jailed in 1962.
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Kenya is now independent.
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An army leader named Joseph Mobutu renamed the Belgian Congo to Zaire.
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At this time an oil-rich region controlled by the Igbo ethnic group attempted to leave Nigeria.
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F.W. de Klerk, South Africa's president from 1989 to 1994 finally realized that apartheid was destroying South Arica.
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F.W. de Klerk released Nelson Mandela from jail and put an end to apartheid.
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Nelson Mandela and F.W. de Klerk won the Nobel Peace Prize.
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South Africans of all races voted together to have Nelson Mandela as their president.
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This was a movement for more democracy that is now known as the Arab Spring.