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africans beyond the Sahara began trading with Europeans who had recently arrived
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African traders began selling enslaved people
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southern and Eastern Africa were colonized
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Slave trade was almost outlawed
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European nations had divided most of Africa into colonies
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South Africa gained independence from Britain.
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The only country that wasn't colonized was Ethiopia, though it was invaded by Italy.
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African independence movements gained momentum.
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They adopted apartheid a former South African policy of strict separation of races.
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southerners rebelled against northern rule.
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Ghana became independent.
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Nigeria became independent
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Nelson Mandela was jailed.
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Kenya gained independence.
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Joseph seized power and changed the countries name to Zaire.
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an oil rich region controlled by the Igbo ethnic group attempted to leave Nigeria.
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The president realized apartheid was destroying South Africa.
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The president released Mandela from prison and agreed to end apartheid.
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Many African countries became more democratic.
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South Africans of all races voted together.
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Hutu and militia groups killed an estimated 800,000 to 1million tutsis.
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thousands of people were killed in early 2000s.
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civil war raged until 2005 and killed several million people.
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a movement for democracy began in Tunisia.
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South Sudan became independent.
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Tunisian protestors used social media to organize protests against corruption, unequal treatment of citizens, and rising prices.
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Qaddafi was killed.
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Arab Spring protests forced Hosni Mubarak to resign as president.
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Egyptians elected an Islamic president Mohammed Morsi.
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The military imprisoned Morsi.