Administration

SUMERIAN 5000 A . C

5000 BCE

Writing was one of the most important achievements, thanks to that the priests had administrative control of taxes. In periods of 3100-2500, many commercial texts and administrative facts was found in this language.

EGYPT (4000-2000 A .C)

4000 BCE

Were available leaders capable of controlling and directing workers to the creations of the pyramids. In Egypt already he had a well-organized economy, an administrative system with the movement of communication, sea and river, because of these services was proved necessary to have a public administration and collective way.

Prehistory

3300 BCE

At this time the people of a tribe had to work on hunting, fishing and harvesting. In this way there was the primitive division of labor that was characterized by sex and age.

BABYLON (2000 - 1700 A. C)

2000 BCE

We found important documents of this period in which a great knowledge of the social structure and economic organization was found, the fundamental concepts that justice was administered by the courts. To ensure that their legal, administrative and economic institutions had an excellent performance used the cuneiform writing system developed by the Sumerians.

20th Century

1985 BCE

Organization and management: a systems and contingency approach by Fremont Ellsworth Kast and James Erwin Rosenzweig.

Escuela Contingencial o Teoría de Decisiones

1950 BCE

The theory of contingencies, also called situational, attempts to respond to contingencies or everyday situations in a company, institution or group of people working towards common goals using the least amount of resources to achieve the best results in times short and medium term. For these administrative methods other schools are used depending on the situation they are living.

Escuela de Teoría de Sistemas o Escuela Sistemática

1950 BCE

This approach sees companies as units relate to each other and to the environment, and forming a system, which in turn belongs to a larger one.
The (general systems theory) believes that when you think of a system must take into account the following premises:
• The functions of a system depends on its structure; depending on how it is structured the system perform its functions.
• Systems always belong to a larger, they are always within another system.

20th Century

1946 BCE

Peter Drucker wrote one of the earliest books on applied management: Concept of the Corporation (published in 1946).

20th Century

Period: 1946 BCE to 1964 BCE

Beginning with Concept of the Corporation (1946) and continuing through The Practice of Management (1954) and Managing for Results (1964), Peter Drucker laid out a vision of the corporation as a social institution in which the capacity and potential of everyone involved were to be respected. Out with the vocabulary of “boss,” “foreman,” and “worker”; in with “manager” and “employee.”

20th Century

1942 BCE

Dynamic Administration: The Collected Papers of Mary Parker Follett.

Escuela de Relaciones Humanas

1920 BCE

With the advent of humanistic approaches, management theory suffers a sharp change in its principles, and human resource begins to be studied and taken into account within companies. a method of encouragement and their behavior is studied

20th Century

1920 BCE

The first comprehensive theories of management appeared around 1920.

20th Century

Period: 1920 BCE to 1930 BCE

• The cartoon version of management history depicts the human relations movement, begun in the 1920s and 1930s, as a reaction to Taylor’s relentless, reductive emphasis on the quantifiable.

20th Century

1914 BCE

Lillian Gilbreth's Psychology of Management.

20th Century

1914 BCE

Frank and Lillian Gilbreth's Applied motion study.

20th Century

1912 BCE

Yoichi Ueno introduced Taylorism to Japan and became the first management consultant of the "Japanese-management style".

20th Century

1911 BCE

1911: J. Duncan wrote the first college management-textbook.

20th Century

1910 BCE

Henry L. Gantt's charts.

20th Century

1908 BCE

In 1908 Henri Fayol, enumerated a list of management principles, which included a hierarchical chain of command, a separation of functions, and an emphasis on planning and budgeting.

Teoría de la Administración Científica de Frederick w. Taylor

Period: 1901 BCE to 2000 BCE

The theory of scientific management emerged, in part, by the need to raise productivity. In the early nineteenth century, especially in the United States, there was little supply of labor. The only way to increase productivity was increasing the efficiency of workers. That's how Frederick W. Taylor, Henry L. Gantt and Frank and Lillian Gilbreth inventedthe principles which together form the theory of scientific management.

19th Century

1847 BCE

Catharine Beecher’s “A Treatise on Domestic Economy," published in 1847, deals with household habits designed not to waste time and became a bestseller of the times.

19th Century

1830 BCE

By the 1830s schools started to enforce punctuality, organizing school hours and lessons by the clock, punishing lateness, and awarding certificates for punctuality.

INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION

Period: 1820 BCE to 1840 BCE

At this time appeared many inventions and discoveries (steam machine), same that led to the industrial development and great changes in social organization. The administration still lacked scientific basis. This period was characterized by inhumane exploitation of the worker, very bad work environment and dangerous tasks. Otherwise the complexity of the work necessitated the emergence of specialists, all problems directly factory.

19th Century

Period: 1801 BCE to 1900 BCE

The advancements in the Industrial Revolution led to a shift from an agrarian economy to an industrial trade-based economy and raised the need to manage time well. Success in the new world order depended on the timely trading of goods.

19th Century

Period: 1801 BCE to 1900 BCE

• The development of a postal service, the arrival of the telegraph, and the subsequent spread of railroads all required precise time keeping and raised the importance of time-related values of productivity and speed.

19th Century

Period: 1801 BCE to 1900 BCE

The enlightened views of scholars and scientists such as Isaac Newton began to gain ground. Isaac Newton's ideas about the disciplined working of the universe strongly influenced the thought and science of the age, and people began to discipline their lives likewise.

19th Century

Period: 1801 BCE to 1900 BCE

Thomas Jefferson installed a clock that had a dial with three hands to indicate hours, minutes, and seconds to schedule indoor household chores. Benjamin Franklin’s famous views on time and management included advice such as “Time is money," and “Time is the stuff of which life is made."

19th Century

Period: 1801 BCE to 1900 BCE

While the 19th-century workmen had rigid schedules, the 19th-century businessmen were flexible in managing their time. Their typical time scheduling involved three hours of business duties, with the rest of the day spent on government, church, and other social obligations.

HEBREWS (1200 A.C)

1200 BCE

Was characterized at the beginning of the exception and departmentalization, long-term planning and control section. At this time also they had slaves but were not treated so brutal because the family was the center of the community, they live in camps to move to reach Palestine, and stone houses were built and so began the sedentary life and agriculture.

CHINA (500 A. C)

500 BCE

The philosopher Confucius had a great ability to solve problems and he brings a lot of life. Through the years the Chinese had an administrative system of order that had as main idea that without good organization would not get good results.

GREECE (500- 200 A. C)

Period: 500 BCE to 200 BCE

They developed the technique of work, the University of administration, implementation, scientific thinking for problem solving. The contribution of Greece in the administration was great and some of the concepts of their philosophers still used.

Middle Ages

Period: 401 BCE to 1500 BCE

Europe was characterized by the feudal system in which there was only a man, and he managed, directed and collected taxes because he had the need to protect farmers.

ROME (200 A. C - 400 D. C)

Period: 200 BCE to 400 BCE

It was one of the most influential civilizations in the administrative thought, was the empire that frame the foundation for modern society. The Roman people influenced today's society making use of the administration, even taking care of her administrators, who were called managers or agents were made.

20th Century

Dec 24, 1911

Frederick Taylor’s Principles of Scientific Management