THE EARLIEST OF TESTS: Formal testing started. Keju or Imperial Examination. Military officers classified by ranks.
Mar 22, 1501
THE TEST GOES WEST: Testing came to France and Prussia. Goverment Britain elite.
Period: to
THE FORMALIZATION OF TESTING: French and Germans-selection of skillful people.
THE FORMALIZATION OF TESTING: Britain 19th century: People selected based on their aptitude.
Period: to
COMPETITIVE EXAMINATIONS: Oxford University Comission: Introduction of examination (education system). Northcote-Trevelyan Report to Parliament.
MASS EDUCATION - MASS ASSESSMENT: Britain and the U.S.
THE BIRTH AND GROWTH OF THE LANGUAGE TESTING INDUSTRY: Modern English language testing.
Thorndike proposed the 1st standardized test based on a scale.
EARLY DEVELOPMENTS IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA: Assessment based on students' written ability. Thorndike (1911,1912), Hillegas (1912), Courtis (1914).
Hillegas (1912): Written composition standardized scale
EARLY DEVELOPMENTS IN THE UNITED KINGDOM: The beginning of the Cambridge Proficiency Examination (CPE) in the UK to select language ability to get into British education system.
Modern Languages Association of Maryland's Committee states learning environemnt in the curriculum and not tests.: Objective testing.
Courtis: consolidation of English test and students profile
Kelly multiple choice question (MCQ) format
Handschin: New approach
THE POST-WWII YEARS: Testing Adjustment in the US to Multiple choice format
TOEFL:English for specific purposes.
THE GROWING INDUSTRY: Cambridge ESOL-first certificate in English. and The Test of english for International Communication (TOEIC): Business purpose.
The UK: Tests of languages for specific purposes-English Language Testing Service (ELTS), then(IELTS): Life Sciences, Social Studies, Physical Sciences, Technology, Medicine, productive and receptive skills
Three modules: Physical, Science and Technology, Life and Medical Sciences, Business Studies and Social Sciences- four skills.
CHANGE IN THE AIR: Bachman incorporated to language testing worldwide the US assessment basis