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The United States Supreme Court began to apply the guarantees of the Bill of Rights to the states.
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The Supreme Court has interpreted the due process clause to mean that no state may deny any person any right that is "basic or essential to the American Concept of ordered liberty." In a long series of cases, starting in 1925, the Supreme Court gradually began using the due process clause to say that states could not abridge a right that the national government could not abridge.
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In a 1931 Supreme Court case, the Court ruled that the freedom of the press offered by the national Bill of Rights had to be offered by every state as well.
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In a 1934 case, the Supreme Court ruled that freedom of religion provided for in the First Admendment had to be provided by all states.
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During the 1960's, the Supreme Court broadened its interpretations to limit state action in most areas in which national government action is limited.
