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Period: to
1920's-1930's
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Prohibition
- Banning of the production, import, and transportation of alcohol across the country.
- Women's groups campaigned for the ban, supported by farms,churches, and merchant associations. -Their opinion was that the grain should be used to feed soldiers and civilians instead of use it for alcohol.
- All of Canada except for Quebec banned liquor.
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Spanish Influenza
-The Spanish Influenza was an epidemic that soldiers carried from overseas.
-People who were weak from the virus often got pneumonia.
- Thousands died from pneumonia (50 000 Canadians).
- Federal Department of Health was created in 1919.
- Took control over national concerns with border quarantines. -
Winnipeg General Strike
- Resulted because of worker unrest -30,000 people walked off their job to protest
- Protesters wanted 3 things; decent wages, 8 hour work day, and the right to bargain for better working conditions.
- Almost all industries and key services were shut down
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League of Indians
-Frederick Loft organized the League of Indians, a Mohawk Veteran from WWI
- This was the first attempt at a united voice for the Aboriginals.
- After WWI the Government wanted to enfranchise aboriginal veterens and give them the right to vote, if their status as an aboriginal was dropped.
- The league progressed to give aboriginals better health,education, finances,control over land, and to be able to fish and hunt without government interference. -
Branch Plants
- They were copies of the American home company.
- Produced the came product as the home company, but it would be labeled "made in Canada"
- They did this to avoid paying higher tariffs.
- Provided jobs, products, and taxes for Canada.
- America had the top management in these companies.
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Group of Seven
- The Group of Seven was made up of Franklin Carmichael, Lawren Harris, A.Y. Jackson, Franz Johnston, Arthur Lismer, J.E.H. Macdonald and F.H. Varley . -First exhibition of of paintings was at eh Art Gallery of Ontario in 1920
- Ifluenced by impressionist artist.
- Painted Canadian landscape and dealt with the Canadian experience.
- The first to create Canadian national style painting.
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Assembly Line
- Ran from one end of a building to another, with frames of the car at one end of the line.
- The first line did'nt move, workers would walk along adding parts as the went.
- Was created by Henry Ford
- Each worker on the assembly line had a seperate job
- These cars made traveling more comfortable for families and farmers
- They were also status symbols
- The assembly line was a big push for mass production
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Insulin
-Frederick Banting had discovered how to isolate insulin.
-Went to Professor J.R.R. Macleod at he University of Toronto.
-J.R.R. gave him the lab and an assistant.
- Frederick Banting and J.R.R. Macleod recieved the Nobel Prize for the discorvery. -
Chinese Exclusion Act
- Banned all Chinese students except for students, merchants, and diplomants form coming in Canada.
- From 1923-1947 only 8 Chinese people came into Canada. -This date is known as "Humilation Day" to Chinese Canadians
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Person's Case
- The Supreme Court of Canada decided that women were not persons, and could not be appointed to the senate.
- Emily Murphy, Nellie McClung, Louise McKinney, Henrietta Edwards, and Irene Parlby were the five women fighting against this statement that women are not "persons".
- They appealed this case to the Privy Council in Britian. -They won their fight after three months of consideration in the Privy Council.
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Prime Minister R.B. Bennett
- Was the Prime Minister during the depression
- belonged to the Conservative party
- Did little to help the economic crisis
- He introduced the highest tariff in Canadian history to protect Canadian businesses
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Black Tuesday
- The day the stock market crashed
- one of the most dramatic events
- signalling depression
- many people invested their money in stocks in hopes they would sell them later for higher prices. These people lost everything in the crash
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Five-Cent Piece Speech
-Given by Mackenzie King
- Election of 1930
- A speech about how the social well-being was the responsibility of the provinces
- Declared that he wouldn't give a "five cent piece" to any province that was without a Liberal government
- One of the reasons the Liberals lost to the Conservatives in the election
- Prime Minister Richard Bedford Bennett replaced Mackenzie King -
Statute of Westminster
- British parliament passed the Statute of Westminster
- made the recommentdations of the Balfour Report Law -Canada became completely self-governing
- only area Britian still had control is the Privy Council, in Britian.
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On to Ottawa Trek
- Thousands of men tired of relief camps in B.C. boarded freight trains to Ottawa to protest against the government.
- They were joined by other men as they moved east
- They wanted clear economic improvments. This included decent minimum wages, decent system of unemployment and social insurance.
- Prime Minister Bennett claimed they were going against the law and part of a plot to overthrow the government
- A roit broke out and the complaints went unheard.