Medieval History: By Lewis Murphy

Medieval time

Period: 450 to Dec 31, 1500

Western Roman Empire ends:

476

Theodosius I was the last Roman Emperor who ruled over a unified Roman Empire. After his death in 395, the Roman Empire was permanently divided. Info: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Western_Roman_Empire Picture: http://www.michaeltotten.com/images/Western Roman Empire Map.jpg

Moors start raiding Spain:

Aug 2, 711

By 711 a speculative raiding party of 10,000 soldiers, led by Tariq ibn-Ziyad, crossed the Straits of Gibraltar and defeated the Visigothic army of King Roderic at the Battle of Guadalete. Info: http://wiki.answers.com/Q/When_did_the_moors_start_raiding_spain Picture: http://3.bp.blogspot.com/_P_iPjMKraO8/SgxFr3HNgwI/AAAAAAAACFg/TRF6vu1IsEE/S1600-R/moors.jpg

William of Normandy wins Battle of Hastings and becomes King of England:

Aug 2, 1066

William, Duke of Normandy, brought an army across the English Channel to fight for his claim to the English Throne. Info: http://britishhistory.suite101.com/article.cfm/the_battle_of_hastings__1066 Picture: http://akorra.com/uploads/1/Battle_of_Hastings.jpg

Crusades start:

Aug 2, 1096

The medieval "Crusade" was a holy war. For a conflict to be officially considered a Crusade, it had to be sanctioned by the pope and conducted against groups seen as enemies of Christendom. Picture: http://users.moscow.com/khakimian/images/crusades2.jpg http://historymedren.about.com/od/crusades/p/crusadesbasics.htm

Small towns start springing up across Europe:

Aug 2, 1100

Small towns began to evolve everywhere across Europe. Picture: http://users.trytel.com/~tristan/towns/images/tint7_1.jpg

Minamoto Yoritomo becomes the first shogun of Japan:

Aug 2, 1192

Minamoto Yoritomo was Japan's first shogun and set the wheels in motion for samurai domination of the country that would last until the mid-19th century. Info: http://www.taots.co.uk/content/view/34/31/ Picture: http://www.liceoberchet.it/ricerche/geo4d_03/Giappone/istituzioni/yoritomo.jpg

King John of England signs the Magna Carta:

Aug 2, 1215

John was forced to sign the paper they put in front of him, which is known as the Magna Carta. (Magna Carta means "Great Letter" in Latin). This letter wrote down two new ideas. The first was that the king had to obey the law, like other people. And the second idea was that if the king broke the law, the lords had the right to remove that king and choose a new one. Info: http://www.historyforkids.org/learn/medieval/history/highmiddle/john.htm Picture: http://www.thepolesworthschool.com/life/

First meeting of a parliament held in England:

Sep 1, 1275

The Great Council evolved into the Parliament of England. The term itself came into use during the early 13th century, deriving from the Latin and French words for discussion and speaking. Info: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parliament_of_Engand Picture: http://www.uppercanadahistory.ca/lluc/lluc2p2.jpg

Crusades end:

Aug 2, 1291

Crusades ended. Picture: http://www.nationalinterest.org/uploadedImages/Public_Articles/2007_-_January_-_February/Realist-CrusadersArticle2.jpg

'100 Years War' begins:

May 24, 1337

The '100 Years War' was a series of separate wars between two royal houses for the French throne, which was vacant from the death of the senior Capetian line of French kings. Info: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hundred_Years'_War Picture: http://users.moscow.com/khakimian/images/hundred2.jpg

'Black Death' breaks out in Europe:

Aug 2, 1347

The 'Black Death' killed a quarter to half of the population of Europe. In affected cities, proper burial rituals were abandoned and bodies were buried in mass graves, or abandoned in the street. Info: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bubonic_plague Picture: http://top-10-list.org/wp-content/uploads/2009/05/black-death.jpg

Wat Tyler leads a revolt of English peasants to win more freedom from landowners:

Aug 2, 1381

This was a land war, caused directly by the enclosing of the common fields of the peasants, and the break up of the accustomed rural life. Info: http://www.tudorplace.com.ar/Documents/robert_ket_and_the_norfolk_risin.htm Picture: http://static.newworldencyclopedia.org/5/5f/DeathWatTyler.jpg

Joan Of Arc drives out the English from Orleans:

Oct 12, 1429

Joan Of Ark drives out the English from Orleans. Picture: http://internetshakespeare.uvic.ca/Library/SLT/images/JoanOfArc.JPG

'100 Years War' ends:

Aug 2, 1453

After the 1430s the tide of the war turned to the advantage of the French. There were several reasons for this. Seward notes that this had become a national war rather than the feudal conflict it started out to be. Info: http://home.eckerd.edu/~oberhot/hywend.htm Picture: http://www.partyhouseliquor.com/chmp100yrs.jpg

Henry Tudor (Henry VII) is crowned King of England:

Jun 24, 1485

Henry was crowned king of England at Westminster Abbey. Info: http://englishhistory.net/tudor/monarchs/henry8.html Picture: http://www.picturesofengland.com/img/M/1002852.jpg

Vikings start raiding Europe:

Mar 2, 2022

When Viking warriors left their homeland, they started raiding, pillaging and sailing all throughout European villiages. Info: http://www.family-ancestry.co.uk/history/vikings/viking_raids/ Picture: http://www.fife.50megs.com/img/Viking raid 2.jpg