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Dwight D Eisenhower
He was born on October 14th, 1890 in Denis, Texas, nickname was ike.He was commanding general of the victorious forces in Europe during World War II, Dwight D. Eisenhower obtained a truce in Korea and worked incessantly during his two terms to ease the tensions of the Cold War. He was very popular during his administration.
http://www.history.com/topics/dwight-d-eisenhower -
New Look policy
It was the national security policy of the United States during the Eisenhower administration. Eisenhower wanted to balance the Cold War military commitments of the United States with the nation's financial resources and emphasized reliance on strategic nuclear weapons to deter potential threats.
http://millercenter.org/president/eisenhower/essays/biography/5 -
Geneva Conference
The Geneva Conferance was held in Geneva, Switzerland. It was an attempt to try to negotiate a unified Vietnam and peace in Indochina. It was attended by the People's Republic of China, Soviet Union, United States, and the United Kingdom. They decided to divide Vietnam into a North zone and a South zone. http://www.infoplease.com/encyclopedia/history/geneva-conference.html -
Brown vs. Board of Education
Brown v. Board of Education was a unanimous ruling and declared that "separate but equal" facilities were unconstitutional. This reversed the earlier decision of Plessy v. Ferguson. This ruling was a huge step during the civil rights movement.
http://www.nps.gov/brvb/index.htm -
Montgomery Bus Boycott
For 13 months, African Americans boycotted buses because of Rosa Park's refusal to give up her seat to a white man. This boycott went all the way to the supreme court and eventually ruled segreation of buses unconstitutional in Browder v. Gayle case.
http://www.montgomeryboycott.com/ -
Rosa Parks
NAACP member Rosa Parks refuses to give up her seat at the front of the "colored section" of a bus to a white passenger, defying a southern custom of the time. In response to her arrest the Montgomery black community launches a bus boycott, which will last for more than a year, until the buses are desegregated Dec. 21, 1956. As newly elected president of the Montgomery Improvement Association.Martin Luther King, Jr., is instrumental in leading the boycott.http://www.montg Read more: Civil Rig -
Interstate Highway System
The Interstate Highway System was a $27 billion plan to build 42,000 miles of roadways. It created tons of construction jobs and speeded up suburbanization. http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/interstate/homepage.cfm -
Creation of SCLC
Martin Luther King, Charles K. Steele, and Fred L. Shuttlesworth establish the Southern Christian Leadership Conference, of which King is made the first president. The SCLC becomes a major force in organizing the civil rights movement and bases its principles on nonviolence and civil disobedience. http://mlk-kpp01.stanford.edu/index.php/encyclopedia/encyclopedia/enc_southern_christian_leadership_conference_sclc/ -
Desegregating Little Rock
On September 4, in Little Rock, Arkansas, Orval Faubaus, governer of Arkansas, called in the National Guard to prevent the nine African American kids enrolled from entering. They were constantly harassed and abused while traveling to school. Eisenhower called in the 101st Airbrone Division to escort the nine African Americans around school until the end of the year. The governer ended up closing the public schools. http://www.encyclopediaofarkansas.net/encyclopedia/entry-detail.aspx?entryid=718 -
John F Kennedy
He was the 35th president of the United States. His vice president was Lyndon B. Johnson. He was the second youngest president at age 43. During his presidency was the Cuban Missile Crisis, the Space race, and the building of the Berlin wall. Kennedy was assassinated on November 22nd, 1963.
http://www.whitehouse.gov/about/presidents/johnfkennedy
http://www.whitehouse.gov/about/presidents/johnfkennedy -
Peace Corps
President Kennedy sought to encourage many different cultures come together, through the Peace Corps. Getting almost 25,000 responses, Kennedy made his promise a reality. The work is normally related to social and economic development.
http://www.peacecorps.gov/ -
Bay of Pigs invasion
1400 Cuban refugees were sent to overthrow Fidel Castro and his communist forces. JFK was briefed about the operation beforehand. They were miserably defeated within 24 hours and the United States did not promise help like they said they would.
http://www.jfklibrary.org/JFK/JFK-in-History/The-Bay-of-Pigs.aspx -
Cuban Missile Crisis
The Soviets had missiles facing the United States from Cuba. After an intense standoff between U.S. ships and Soviet ships, the Soviet ships turned around. The result was a near nuclear war.http://www.history.com/topics/cuban-missile-crisis -
March on Washington
This march was a peaceful protest lead by Martin Luther King Jr. to gain "jobs and freedom" for his fellow African Americans. It was here that MLK gave his riveting "I have a dream" speech in the national mall in Washington D.C http://www.infoplease.com/spot/marchonwashington.html -
Church Bombings
Four young girls (Denise McNair, Cynthia Wesley, Carole Robertson, and Addie Mae Collins) attending Sunday school are killed when a bomb explodes at the Sixteenth Street Baptist Church, a popular location for civil rights meetings. Riots erupt in Birmingham, leading to the deaths of two more black youths.
http://www.english.illinois.edu/maps/poets/m_r/randall/birmingham.htm -
Lyndon B Johnson
Lyndon B Johnson also known as LBJ, was born on August 37th, 1908 in Texas. He was sworn into office after the assassination of John F Kennedy. He campaigned the Great
Society program which aided deucation and started plans suck as Medicare. He served as a Representative, Senator, Vice President, and President in his lifetime.
http://www.whitehouse.gov/about/presidents/lyndonbjohnson -
Gulf of Tonkin
fter the second attack in the Gulf of Tonkin, Congress passed the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution. The Gulf of Tonkin Resolution allowed the president, Lyndon B Johnson, to control military operations in Southeast Asia without declaring war. Controversial because it allowed the president to launch a full scale war without the consent of Congress.
http://www.history.navy.mil/faqs/faq120-1.htm
http://www.history.navy.mil/faqs/faq120-1.htm -
Voting Rights
The SNCC implemented an agressive voter registration program but were being constantly shut down by the police chief. An ambitious march was planned to march from Selma, Alabama to Montgomery, the capital of Alabama. During the two seperate marches, Klansmen and other whites shot and killed protestors. Congress passes the Voting Rights Act of 1965, making it easier for Southern blacks to register to vote. Literacy tests, poll taxes, and other such requirement.http://www.core-online.org/History/v -
LBJ's Great Society
Johnson focused on bettering society in 1965. His plan was known as the Great society. It was ment to aid for education, create Medicare, fight against poverty, and eliminate crime.
http://www.ushistory.org/us/56e.asp -
Assassination of Malcom X
black nationalist and founder of the Organization of Afro-American Unity, is shot to death. It is believed the assailants are members of the Black Muslim faith, which Malcolm had recently abandoned in favor of orthodox Islam.
http://learning.blogs.nytimes.com/2012/02/21/feb-21-1965-malcolm-x-is-assassinated-by-black-muslims/ -
Tet Offensive
On the Vietnamese holiday of Tet (Lunar New Year), the North Vietnamese forces broke the cease fire for the day. They had been funneling men and weapons through the Ho Chi Minh trail under American lines. Almost every American base was attacked that night, but the North did not have one victory. The Tet offensive, however, was a success in it demoralized the Americans on the home front. http://history1900s.about.com/od/1960s/qt/tetoffensive.htm
http://www.history.com/topics/tet-offensive -
Assassination of Martin Luther King Jr.
Martin Luther King, at age 39, is shot as he stands on the balcony outside his hotel room. Escaped convict and committed racist James Earl Ray is convicted of the crime.
http://history1900s.about.com/cs/martinlutherking/a/mlkassass.htm -
Richard Nixon
Richard Nixon was a Republican candidate who became the 37th president of the United States. He was born in California and his Vice President during his presidency was Spiro Agnew. He served in the Navy during WWII. During his presidency he opened relations with China. Nixon was forced to resign after facing probable impeachment after his role in the Watergate Scandal, but was later given a pardon by Gerald Ford.
http://www.whitehouse.gov/about/presidents/richardnixon -
Communists end Tet
Communist forces end to a Tet ceasefire, with attacks on Saigon and 115 other cities. Attacks took place throughout Vietnam, killing 453 US soldiers in the first week. In Tet's aftermath, President Johnson came under fire for his Vietnam policy.
http://history1900s.about.com/od/1960s/qt/tetoffensive.htm -
Moon Landing
The Apollo 11 Space Program made the United States the first country to land humans on the Moon. Americans Neil Armstrong and Buzz Aldrin landed on the Moon. Landing on the moon was watched by millions all over the world and restored some sense of pride into the United States that they had lost after Sputnik in 1957.
http://airandspace.si.edu/collections/imagery/apollo/as11/a11sum.htm http://www.space.com/16758-apollo-11-first-moon-landing.html -
Watergate Scandal
Five burglars were caught in the Democratic Offices at Watergate. Nixon claimed to have not known about these misdoings, but more inverstigation proved otherwise. Heresigned in 1974 because he faced probable impeachment.
http://watergate.info/1974/09/08/ford-pardons-nixon.html -
Gerald Ford
Gerald Ford was the 38th president of the United States and became president after the resignation of president Richard Nixon. Many people were outraged when Ford pardoned Nixon after his role in the Watergate Scandal. Ford was a very good athlete, he turned down pro contracts to go to Law school.
http://www.whitehouse.gov/about/presidents/geraldford -
Pardon from Ford
Gerald Ford gave former president Nixon an unconditional pardon for his role in the Watergate scandal. This ingnited a lot of controversy because Nixon basically got away with it. People believed that it was a sort of a corrupt bargain between the two, Nixon appoints Ford to the Vice Presidency for Spiro Agnew, and then resigns so Ford becomes president, inexchange for a pardon.
http://www.politico.com/news/stories/0909/26847.html
http://watergate.info/1974/09/08/ford-pardons-nixon.html -
Economic Policy Board
In response to rising inflation, Ford went before the American public in October 1974 and asked them to "Whip Inflation Now". As part of this program, he urged people to wear "WIN" buttons. At the time, inflation was believed to be the primary threat to the economy, more so than growing unemployment. They felt as though controlling inflation would work to fix unemployment. To rein in inflation, it was necessary to control the public's spending. http://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/ws/?pid=60455 -
Fall of Saigon
Capture of Saigon marked the ultimate end of the Vietnam War. Viet Cong gained authority in South Vietnam. It also reunified Vietnam into a communist state.
http://www.u-s-history.com/pages/h1880.html
