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Soviet Primer Khruschev had been threatening to sign a peace treaty that would put access to the isolated wastern zones of Berlin under the control of East Germany.
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The US had a fleet of more than 600 B-52 bombers, 2 Polaris submarines, and 16 Atlas ICBM's capable of delivering more than 2,000 warheads against Russian targets. This was all the result of Eisenhower.
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1,400 Cuban exiles land without expected United States military support. They were defeated within fourty-eight hours.
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The US Steel company was forced to lower their prices by President Kennedy. They would eventually raise the prices again.
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Glenn was the first American to orbit the Earth. Overall, he was the third to orbit the Earth and worked for NASA. The orbit was made in the Friendship 7 in 1962.
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The United States and the Soviet Union came close to nuclear war when President Kennedy insisted that Nikita Khruschev remove fourty-two missiles he had secretly deployed in Cuba. The Soviets eventually did remove them and nuclear war was averted, leaving the crisis to end.
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The United States, Great Britain, and USSR gathered in Moscow on Aug. 5, 1963to sign the treaty that banned all tests of nuclear weapons except those conducted underground.
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The March on Washington in 1963 was for Jobs and Freedom. It was the largest demonstration ever seen in the nation's capital, and one of the first to have extensive television coverage.The stated demands of the march were the passage of meaningful civil rights legislation; the elimination of racial segregation in public schools; protection for demonstrators against police brutality; a major public-works program to provide jobs, etc
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His programs included Head Start. Job Corps Community Action programs. Johnson encouraged self help and reduced poverty.
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The Civil Rights act first promoted by Kennedy and then taken over by Johnson, made illegal the segregation of African Americans in public facilities, established an Equal employment Opportuinity Commission to lessen discrimination in jobs, and protected the voting rights of women and African Americans.
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The Maddox was an American destroyer engaged in electronic intelligence gathering in the Gulf of Tonkin. The attack was brought on by the belief that the American ship had been involved in a South Vietnamese raid nearby. The Maddox escaped unscathed. The American navy sent another ship, the C. Turner Joy in.
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The Gulf Of Tonkin Resolution passed in August 1964 as a response to the sea battle between the North Vietnamese Navy's Torpedo Squadron 135 and the destroyer USS Maddox. It gave the President authority to increase U.S. involvement in the war between North and South Vietnam.
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The Great Society legislation advanced beyond the New Deal. It included medicare for the elderly, medicaid for the poor, elementary and secondary education act, and the voting rights act.
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Congressed passed the Voting Rights Act which banned literacy tests in states and counties in which less than half the population had voted in 1964 and provided for federal registrars in these areas to assure African Americans the franchise.
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President Lyndon Johnson sent 20,000 troops to the Dominican Republic hoping to block the possible emergence of a Castro-type government. His justifications served only to alienate liberal critics in the United States. The intervention ended in 1966 with the election of a conservative government.
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Betty Friedan formed the National Organization for Women in 1966. The group called for equal employment opportunity and equal pay for women. NOW also championed the legalization of abortion and passage of an equal rights amendment to the Constitution.
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The court cases of Miranda Vs. Arizona, Escobedo v Illinois, and Gideon v Wainwright was where the majority decreed that defendants had to be provided with laywers, had to be informed of their constitutional rights, and couldn't be interoggated or induced to congess to a crime without defense counsel being present.
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Riots started in 1966 but weren't as bad or dangerous as the ones in the summer of 1967. They took place in Neward and Detroit where forty-three were killed and thousands were hurt. The mobs were responsible for attacking stores and shops. They expressed a burning grievance against a consumer society from which they were excluded by their poverty.
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1968 was a year of turmoil. There was the presidential election, the turning point in the Vietnam War which was the Tet Offensive, and massive protests in the streets. Richard Nixon's election demonstrated desire for National Reconcilation
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Martin Luther King JR was assassinated in Memphis while supporting African American sanitation workers and their strike. He was shot in a hotel by James Earl Ray.
