"History of Oceanography Da'Sha Shoaf 6thperiod

By dasha_shoaf
  • Jan 11, 1400

    Portuguese

    Portuguese
    Early to mid 1400’s Prince Henry “The
    Navigator” established a marine observatory to
    improve the Portuguese sailing endeavors and
    conquered one of the greatest trades
    problems-getting around the tip of Africa
     The Cape of Good Hope was finally rounded by
    Bartholomeu Diaz in 1486
     Explored canary isles, African coast (Columbus
    1492)
     Vasco de Gama rounded Africa and continued
    on to India in 1498
     This event was followed by Spain, England, &
    other Europeans searching for new lands.
     The Pacif
  • Jan 11, 1480

    Magellan (1480-1521 A.D.)

    Magellan (1480-1521 A.D.)
    In 1513 the Spanish
    captain, Ferdinand
    Magellan, circumnavigated
    the globe through a passage
    way at 52° S latitude now
    called the Straights of
    Magellan.

  • Benjamin Frankline

    Benjamin Frankline
    Determined that it took mail
    ships coming from Europe.
     Discovering Surface currents
    and therefore in 1777 published
    the first map of the Gulf
    Stream.
     Suggested use of thermometers
    to locate warm waters of G.S.
    – Eastbound stay in G.S.
    – Westbound avoid G.S

  • Voyage of “Beagle”

    Voyage of “Beagle”
    English Naturalist, Charles
    Darwin, investigated the whole
    of nature leading him to make
    one of the most outstanding
    contributions to biology while
    on his voyage aboard the
    H.M.S Beagle.
     December 27, 1831 – Under
    Captain Robert Fitzroy a 5
    year trip surveyed the coast
    line resulted in
     Darwin Publishing several
    papers the most famous ones
    being his papers Natural
    Selection and The Origin of
    the Species.

  • Matthew Fontaine Maury

    Matthew Fontaine Maury
    1806-1873 US Navy officer who compiled
    Navel Charts and Instrumentations that when
    used, logged, and compiled allowed sailors to
    avoid catastrophic weather conditions,
    currents, and tides.
     In 1853 established uniform methods of
    making nautical and meteorological
    observations at sea.
     This standardization greatly increased the
    dependability of such data summarized in his
    publication The Physical Geography of the
    Sea.

  • Challenger Expedition

    Challenger Expedition
    First large-scale voyage with the
    purpose of increasing knowledge of the
    distribution of life in the ocean and of
    the chemical and physical properties of
    the ocean.
     December 1872 to May 1876 – 4 year
    trip
     Most ambitious ocean exploration
    project at the time
     Traveled 109,000 km (68,000 miles)

  • Phoenicians

    Phoenicians
    2000 BC – Traveled extensively throughout
    Mediterranean Sea, Red Sea, Indian Ocean.
    They discovered the Canary Islands and
    established trade with Eastern Asia.

  • Vikings – Eric the Red

    Vikings – Eric the Red
    During a period of Climatic warming - similar to
    today’s “Global Warming” - the Vikings of Scandinavia
    conquered Iceland
     982 A.D. Eric the Red sailed westward from
    Greenland and discovered Baffin Island.
     995 A.D. Eric’s son, Leif Ericson, discovered what was
    then called Vineland and spent the winter in an area
    of North America we call Newfoundland.
     Beginning in the 13th century the climate again began
    to cool and the North Atlantic began to clog with ice
    throughout most of the year once ag