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150
Ptolemy
Introduces longitude and latitude to the world map. He was the first to place a grid system on a map and the globe. -
276
B.C Eratosthenes
BEtween the years of 276 and 192 B.C. Eratoshthenes determined the world's circumference by looking down a well during the summer solstice. -
325
B.C. Pytheas
When Pytheas sailed north to Iceland, he discovered a method that would help in determining the latitudes and used astonomical methods to create the idea that tidal patterns were related to the moon. -
Jan 7, 1000
B.C. Polynesians
Colonized many Pacific Islands; including New Guinea in 2000 B.C., Samoa in 1000 B.C., New Zealand in 800 B.C, and Hawaii in 500 A.D. Their history isn't fully known; everything wasn't written down, but we know that they used experienced navigators., navigated themselves by watching wave patterns and created maps by using sea shells and sticks. -
Jan 5, 1400
Prince Henry the Navigator
Prince Henry created and established a marine observatory to imporve Portuguese sailing endeavors and defeated one of the greates trade problems; getting around the tip of Africa. -
Jan 7, 1513
Ferdinand Magellan
The Spanish Captain said across the globe through a passage at 52° S latitude; now known as the Straights of Magellan -
James Cook
Using Astronomy and Mathematics he began calculating Longitudes and published his findings in the royal Society’s
Philosophical transactions for 1767.He he had several more voyages charting New Zealand, East coast of Australia, southern India Ocean. South Pacific, rediscovered Easter Island and many others along the way. Cook was kept his crew safe by requiring them to drink Lime Juice regularly preventing scurvy and developing a chronometer; used to determine longitudinal locations. -
Benjamin Franklin
Published the first map of the Gulf Stream and suggested the use of thermometers to locate where warm water was in the Gulf Stream. -
Matthew Maury
Known for writing his book "Physical Geography of the Sea"; the first book with knowledge on Oceanography that was published. He was known as the Pathfinder of the Seas. Father of modern Oceanography and Naval Meteorology and once his book was published he was named Scientist of the Seas -
Challenger expedition
This voyage lasted 4 years long; from December of 1872 to May of 1876. IT was the first expedition that was done with the purpose to increase peoples knowledge of the ocean and the chemical and physical porperties that it contained. This expedition was one of the most ambitious triip of its time. -
Bathysphere
Otis Barton created the first bathysphere; a deep-sea spherical submarine, to help people further their knowledge in underwater life. It worked by being lowered and and lifted by a cable. -
The American Developement of SONAR
American Engineers developed their own SONAR technology that helped us discover thermoclines. -
B.C. Phoenicians
The Pheonicians traveled throughout the Mediterranean Sea, Red Sea, and Indian Ocean. They discovered the Canary Islands and established trades with Eastern Asian -
B.C. Herodotus
Created a map of the Mediterranean Sea. -
Eric the Red
Sailed west of Greenland and discovered Baffin Island.
