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Einstein's Theory of Relativity was all about mathematical equations. This theory said that objects shorten as far as length goes and they will move slower from an observer on Earth's point of view. http://www.allaboutscience.org/theory-of-relativity.htm
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This Russian cosmologist discovered the Expanding Universe Solution. His final solution supported two of his theories. Hubble eventuallly worked off of this. http://www.timelineindex.com/content/view/3043
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Edwin Hubble discovered Hubble's Law. This Law supports that galaxies are moving away at speeds proportional to their distance. http://www.big-bang-theory.com/
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This man's theory was known as 'hypothesis of the primeval atom'. He worked off of Hubble and Hubble worked off of him on theories. He went to meet Einstein and he was skeptical of what his theory was. http://www.timelineindex.com/content/view/3042
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This says that helium and hydrogen formed denser elements. New matter was created that caused the universe to expand. http://physics.about.com/od/astronomy/f/BigBang.htm http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.mustardseedrecording.com/assets/images/plasma_ball_cosmocurio.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.mustardseedrecording.com/html/god_exists.html&usg=__t5s4VYDSxDo4B-FGlb4MVq4gC_g=&h=468&w=475&sz=84&hl=en&start=0&zoom=1&tbnid=uOxUSeEMFh8atM:&tbnh=123&tbnw=163&prev=/images%3Fq%3DSteady%2BState
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Arno Penzias and Robert Wilson were using a microwave receiver and were getting sound from all parts of the sky at the same frequency. For this discovery, they later received the Nobel Prize.
http://burro.astr.cwru.edu/stu/cosmos_bigbang.html http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://media.arstechnica.com/news.media/nobel_medal.jpg&imgrefurl=http://arstechnica.com/science/news/2008/10/nobel-prize-in-physics-awarded-for-broken-symmetry-research.ars&usg=__rFjjETMkHoSN2TCNe2bR8EDPDWM=&h=288&w=28 -
This cosmic background explorer was used to measure the residual radiaion. In 1992 it was said that there were fluctuations in the temperature and cosmic ripples.
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Basically, he says that inflation occurs and and when space heats up, it makes it repel instead of attract. He says one peice od matter expanded into our universe today. http://www.news.cornell.edu/chronicle/98/3.12.98/Guth_coverage.html
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This was kind of like COBE except, this one focused on only one thing. This focused on the CMBR fluctuations. Also, this was more useful because it avoided the thermal emission from the Earth. http://www.talkorigins.org/faqs/astronomy/bigbang.html
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The evidence is very strong although there are some minor inconsistencies. The Nobel Prize of 2006 was given to John Mather and George Smoot who were both workers on the WMAP project. http://physics.about.com/od/astronomy/f/BigBang.htm http://www.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://cache4.asset-cache.net/xc/71368138.jpg%3Fv%3D1%26c%3DIWSAsset%26k%3D2%26d%3D77BFBA49EF878921F7C3FC3F69D929FD66BD90B0E7C91C9A7D5CD3B2ADC5E400B8729E3483464526F06BF04B24B4128C&imgrefurl=http://www.life.com/image/71368138&u
