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Creation of the Supreme Court
Thirteen district courts were created in principal cities, with one judge each, and three circuit courts to cover the other areas of the eastern, middle and southern United States. Above these is the Supreme Court, with a Chief Justice and Associate Justices, as the only court of appeals This is important becaus eit is still part of the system we use -
John Jay
He was the first Chief Justice of the Supreme Court New York. A former president of the Continental Congress. he also declined his second term. -
Marbury v. Madison
The doctrine of judicial review and the Supreme Court’s power as interpreter of the Constitution was established in the case of Marbury vs. Madison. -
Fletcher v. Peck
In 1795, the state of Georgia divided a 35-million-acre region of land into four tracts and sold each to different development companies. John Peck had purchased land that had been sold under the 1795 act and sold it to Robert Fletcher in 1803. Fletcher sued Peck -
Dartmouth College v. Woodward
Was a landmark United States Supreme Court case dealing with the application of the Contract Clause of the United States Constitution to private corporations -
McCollough v. Maryland
Congress passed an act establishing the Second Bank of the United States.The state of Maryland passed a law in 1818 imposing a tax on all banks not chartered by their legislature. James McCulloch, head of the Baltimore branch of the Second Bank, refused to pay the tax. The Court held that Congress had the right to create the bank, and that Maryland’s laws interfered with the powers Congress has. -
Gibbons v. Ogden
This case established that the power to regulate interstate commerce was granted to Congress by the Commerce Clause of the Constitution. Aaron Ogden had purchased rights to operate steamboats in the waters between New York and New Jersey from a monopoly granted by the state of New York.The Court found that New York’s actions were inconsistent with Congress’ duty of regulating coastal trade. -
Worcester v. Georgia
Was a case in which the United States Supreme Court vacated the conviction of Samuel Worcester, holding that the Georgia criminal statute, prohibiting non-Indians from being present on Indian lands without a license from the state, was unconstitutional. -
John Marshall
A Revolutionary War veteran, is one of the most famous Chief Justices.Serving thirty-four years, he had the longest tenure of any Chief Justice, and helped establish the Supreme Court as the final authority on the meaning of the Constitution.
