Yellow river china

By A35220
  • Period: 6000 BCE to 5000 BCE

    Peiligang Culture

    The Peiligang culture was so named as it was excavated in Peiligang Village, just south of Zhengzhou, now the Yellow River's biggest city. It is characterized by vertical cave dwellings, growing grain crops, as well as shiny reddish-brown pottery and polished stone implements.
  • Period: 6000 BCE to 5000 BCE

    Beixin Culture

    The most representative site is in Beixin, Teng County, Zaozhuang Prefecture, Shandong Province (400 km east of Zhengzhou and 300 km south of Jinan). Beixin Culture dwellings were all half-crypt caves. Rectangular pits without coffins were popular for burials. Stone implements, and then bone, horn, teeth and clam tools were developed. Grinding was the main type of craftsmanship, and tan-colored potter was typical.
  • Period: 6000 BCE to 5000 BCE

    Laoguantai Culture

    Laoguantai Culture was found in the Laoguantai Village ruins in Xihua County, just east of Xi'an. Focused on primitive agriculture, they had stone knives, stone spades, and stone axes. Their ceramics were very primitive, mainly using clay tablet patches. Ring foot bowls, painted pottery pots, and three-legged pots were the most characteristic types. Their houses were round, as were their pits for storing things. Their dead were buried in rectangular pits with pottery and other articles.
  • Period: 6000 BCE to 5000 BCE

    Cishan Culture

    The representative site is in Cishan, Wuan County, Hebei Province. Their life mainly focused on primitive agriculture and grain was the main crop. Stone sickles, stone shovels, stone knives, stone axes, and willow-leaf-shaped stone millstones were the main implements.
    Their stone millstones were unique in shape, being three or four feet in diameter. They raised dogs, pigs, and other livestock, and also went fishing and hunting. Their ceramics were made manually, and were comparatively primitive.
  • Period: 5000 BCE to 3000 BCE

    Yangshao Culture

    The Yangshao culture was discovered in Yangshao Village, Henan Province (between Sanmenxia and Luoyang) in 1921, and it is characterized by its painted pottery, usually red. People from the Yangshao period lived a settled life, and formed villages of a certain size and layout. Primitive agriculture was their main occupation, and they also raised livestock and went fishing, hunting, and gathering. Their main tools were polished stone implements and pottery.
  • Period: 5000 BCE to 4000 BCE

    Hougang Culture

    The representative site is in Hougang, Anyang Prefecture, Henan Province. It developed from the Beixin Culture with some new developments: round cave dwellings and unique pottery
  • Period: 4300 BCE to 2400 BCE

    Dawenkou Culture

    The representative site is in Dawenkou, Tai'an County, Shandong Province. In the early period, red pottery was popular and, in the later period, black and gray pottery was. Eggshell black pottery cups with high legs made in the later period were exquisite and beautiful, being continued by the later Longshan Culture in Shandong.
  • Period: 3950 BCE to 3500 BCE

    Yueshi Culture

    The Yueshi Culture and the Longshan Culture were discovered at the same time. The representative site is in Dongyueshi Village, Pingdu Prefecture, Shandong Province. Yueshi Culture pottery was mainly simple, elegant, and massive in style. The sandy terracotta and clay pottery were most notable and quite different: the sandy terracotta was hasty and rough, while the clay pottery was simple and exquisite. Presumably, they were products of different workshops.
  • Period: 2500 BCE to 2000 BCE

    Longshan Culture

    Longshan culture was discovered in Longshan Town, Zhangqiu County, Shandong Province by the Research Institute of History and Language of the Central Academy in 1930. It was characterized by its black and gray potteries, and in the later period, the residents also began to cast bronzeware.
  • Period: 2000 BCE to 1600 BCE

    Erlitou Culture

    In 1959, the Erlitou culture was discovered in Erlitou, Yanshi Prefecture, Henan Province. The site is about 2,000 meters in radius, with the remains of two palaces in the center. Scholars think that they inherited both the Nanlongshan Culture of West Shanxi and the Longshan Culture of Henan, as they could cast bronzeware.
  • Period: 1600 BCE to 1046 BCE

    Shang Dynasty

    The state apparatus of the Shang Dynasty was highly developed, especially the maturity of the ritual and rank system. Cities started to appear and became larger. Writing (inscriptions on bones or tortoise shells) was developed, and so was agriculture and their handicraft industry. The appearance of highly-complicated, exquisite, heavy bronzeware marked its progress technology and cultural richness.
  • Period: 1046 BCE to 256 BCE

    Zhou Dynasty

    Mostly descended from the Shang Dynasty institutionally. Its regional power grew, and its civil ethics and rites were developed.
    During the Zhou Dynasty the Yellow River Civilization's neighbors were brought into hegemony: the western nomads in the north, the Shu civilization in the west (like the Sanxingdui civilization in Sichuan Province), the Yangtze River basin civilization in the south, and Pearl River basin civilization in today's Guangdong Province in the south.