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Hitler promised to bring Germany out of chaos. Nazism- German brand of facism, based on extreme nationalism.
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book by hitler - set forth basic beliefs of Nazism that became plan of action for Nazi party
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stressed nationalism and placed interest of the state above those of individuals. power must rest with a single strong leader and a small group of devoted party members.
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Japan quit the League. Meanwhile, the success of the
Manchurian invasion put the militarists firmly in control of Japan’s government -
hitlers private army made from men who were out of work
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third german empire. in place if Germany's democratic Weimar Republic.
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Hitler pulled out of league of nations. In 1935, he began a military buildup in violation of the Treaty of Versailles. A year later, he sent troops into the Rhineland, a German region bordering France and Belgium that was demilitarized as a result of the Treaty of Versailles. The League did nothing to stop Hitler.
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he sent troops into the Rhineland, a German region bordering France and Belgium that was demilitarized as a result of the Treaty of Versailles. The League did nothing to stop Hitler.
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League’s response was an ineffective economic boycott. By May 1936, Ethiopia fell.
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led a group of spanish officers to rebel against spanish republic
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German troops marched into Austria unopposed. A day later, Germany announced that its Anschluss with Austria was complete. The United States and the rest of the world did nothing.
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the Munich Agreement turned the Sudetenland over to Germany without a single shot being fired
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tried to exert complete control over its citizens. NO rights and the govt suppresses all opposition
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war forged a close relationship between the German and Italian dictators, who signed a formal alliance known as the Rome-Berlin Axis
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As tensions rose over Poland, Stalin signed a
nonaggression pact with Hitler -
German tanks raced across the Polish countryside, spreading terror and confusion. This invasion was the first test of Germany’s newest military strategy, the blitzkrieg, or lightning war.
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Blitzkrieg made use of advances in military technology to take the enemy by surprise and then quickly crush all opposition with overwhelming force. On September 3, two days following the terror in Poland, Britain and France declared war on Germany
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The blitzkrieg had given way to what the Germans called the sitzkrieg
phony war. -
Hitler launched a surprise invasion of Denmark and Norway to build bases along the coasts to strike at Great Britain. Next, Hitler turned against the Netherlands
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Italy entered the war on the side of Germany and invaded France from the south as the Germans closed in on Paris from the north. On June 22, 1940, at Compiègne, as William Shirer and the rest of the world watched, Hitler handed French officers his terms of surrender.
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Germans would occupy the northern part of France, and a Nazi-controlled puppet government, headed by Marshal Philippe Pétain, would be set up at Vichy, in southern France.
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goal was to gain total control of the skies by destroying Britain’s Royal Air Force (RAF). Hitler had 2,600 planes at his disposal. On a single day—August 15—approximately 2,000 German planes ranged over Britain. Every night for two solid months, bombers pounded
London.r, Hitler called off the invasion of Britain indefinitely. -
a Japanese dive-bomber swooped low over Pearl Harbor, the largest U.S. naval base in the Pacific. The bomber was followed by more than 180 Japanese warplanes launched from six aircraft carriers
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Roosevelt compared his plan to lending a garden hose to a neighbor whos house was on fire. He asserted that this was the only sensible thing to do to prevent the fire from spreading to your own property. Isolationists argued bitterly against the plan, but most Americans favored it, and Congress passed the LendLease Act in March 1941.
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General Delos Emmons, military governer of hawaii, was forced forced to order the internment, or confinement, of 1,444 Japanese Americans, 1 percent of Hawaii’s Japanese-American population.
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first joint invasion of both US and Britain of french noth africa
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The military’s work force needs were so great that Army Chief of Staff General George Marshall pushed for the formation of a Women’s Auxiliary Army Corps (WAAC).
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The OSRD set up an intensive program in 1942 to develop a bomb as quickly as possible. Because much of the early research was performed at Columbia University in Manhattan,the Manhattan Project
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The OPA fought inflation by freezing prices on most goods. Congress also raised income tax rates and extended the tax to millions of people who had never paid it before.
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After the attack on Pearl Harbor, Hitler ordered submarine raids against ships along America’s east coast. The German aim in the Battle of the Atlantic was to prevent food and war materials from reaching Great Britain and the Soviet Union. Britain won with help of US
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The convoys were escorted across the Atlantic by destroyers
equipped with sonar for detecting submarines underwater. They were also accompanied by airplanes that used radar to spot U-boats on the ocean’s surface -
General Paulus surrendered what remained of his army-some 91,000 men. About 150,000 Germans had died in the fighting. The Soviet victory at Stalingrad was a great humiliation for Hitler, who had elevated the battle's importance in German opinion
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The government needed to ensure that the armed forces and war industries received the resources they needed to win the war.by creating the WPB
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the Supreme Court decided, in Korematsu v. United States, that the government’s policy of evacuating Japanese Americans to camps was justified on the basis of “military necessity.”
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Bloody Anzio,” lasted four months—until the end of May 1944—and left about 25,000 Allied and 30,000 Axis casualties.
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eight German tank divisions broke through weak American defenses along an 80-mile front. Hitler hoped that a victory would split American and British forces and break up Allied supply lines. Tanks drove 60 miles into Allied territory, creating a bulge in the lines that gave this desperate lastditch offensive.
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The Allied invasion, code-named Operation Overlord,
was originally set for June 5, but bad weather forced a delay. Banking on a forecast for clearing skies, Eisenhower gave the go-ahead for D-Day—June 6, 1944, the first day of the invasion. Shortly after midnight, three divisions parachuted down behind German lines. They were followed in the early morning hours by thousands upon thousands of seaborne soldiers. -
Before the battle in North Africa was won, Roosevelt, Churchill, and their commanders met in Casablanca. At this meeting, the two leaders agreed to accept only the unconditional surrender of the Axis powers. That is, enemy nations would have to accept whatever terms of peace the Allies dictated.
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HItler wrote out his last address to the German people. In it he blamed the Jews for starting the war and his generals for losing it. The next day Hitler shot himself while his new wife swallowed poison. In accordance with Hitler’s orders, the two bodies were carried outside, soaked with gasoline, and burned
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A week after hitler died, General Eisenhower accepted the unconditional surrender of the Third Reich. The Allies celebrated V-E Day—Victory in Europe Day.
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Roosevelt had a stroke and died. That night, Vice President Harry S. Truman became the nation’s 33rd president.
