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Paris Peace Conference
This marks the beginning of the Paris Peace Conference, which was a formal meeting of the Allies (Triple Entente), who won World War I, after the proceeding of the war, where peace terms were set for the defeated party. -
Treaty of Versailles
The Treaty of Versailles was a peace treaty that set out peace terms between the Allies and Germany. Germany agreed to a number of terms:
1.Germany must pay reparations for the loss and harm suffered
2.Germany must abolish their compulsory national service, limit their army to 100,000 men, disband their air force, and limit the productions of weapons
3.German territory must be given to neighbouring nations
4.German colonies were divided between the Allies
5.The League of Nations was established -
Benito Mussolini becomes the dictator of Italy
Benito Mussolini founded Fascism and became the dictator of Italy. His mains ideas:
- Centralized all power in himself as leader (total control of social, economic, and political life)
- Ambition to restore the glory of Rome
- Invasion of Ethiopia
- Alliance with Hitler’s Germany -
Mein Kampf
Mein Kampf is Hitler's book, written in prison. It details his idea of how Germany should be run, who should live there, and his plan to rule Germany. -
The Great Depression
The Great Depression is a period of time in which the stock market crashed and the value of money decreased drastically. This was after WWI when many people were making more money and taking out loans, as new products became available as a result of the industrial revolution. -
Invasion of Machuria
Japan controlled a railway in Manchuria and claimed that Chinese soldiers sabotaged the railway, they then attacked the Chinese army. By February 1932, Japan had conquered the whole of Manchuria. The Chinese appealed to the League of Nations where they sent a delegation and found that Japan was in the wrong and that they had to return Manchuria to China. -
Japan is kicked out of the League on Nations
After invading China and failing to comply with the peace rules of the League of Nations, a Special Assembly was hosted, and 40 nations voted for Japan to leave the League of Nations. Only Japan voted for them to stay. -
Adolf Hitler becomes the dictator of Germany
Adolf Hitler started the government system of Nazism, in which he was the dictator. His mains ideas:
- Anti-Semitism: persecution of Jews
- Extreme nationalism: National Socialism (aka Nazism)
- Aggression: German occupation of nearby countries
- Lebensraum: unite all German-speaking nations
- Anschluss: German union with Austria -
The Allies declare war on Germany
In response to the invasion of Poland, Britain declared war on Germany after their ultimatum expired, and, therefore, Australia, New Zealand, and India were also at war with Germany. The next day, France then declared they would also be at war with Germany -
Germany invades Poland
After being warned by the Allies that war would break out if Germany invaded Poland, Germany decided to disregard this and invaded Poland, ultimately provoking the Allies to declare war on Germany -
Hideki Tojo becomes the Prime Minister of Japan
Hideki Tojo led the militarism in Japan and took control off of the Emperor at the time. His mains ideas:
- Though Japan had an emperor, the military had taken control of the government
- Emperor Hirohito could not stand up to the powerful generals, but he was worshipped by the people, who often fought in his name
- Industrialization of Japan, leading to a drive for raw materials this is imperialism
- Invasion of Korea, Manchuria, and the rest of China (the League of Nations did nothing) -
Beginning of the Women's Australian Auxiliary Air Force (WAAAF)
The WAAAF's was the women's military force that undertook many roles that had usually been considered a 'man's job'. -
Attack on Pearl Harbor
Japan attacks the American military in the Attack on Pearl Harbour, in Hawaii. This influenced the alliance between America and Australia to declare war on Japan. -
Australia declares war on Japan
Australia officially declares war on Japan on this date. This marks a significant moment for the war in the Pacific -
Period: to
Kokoda Campaign
Occurring along the Kokoda Trail in New Guinea, a four-month-long battle between Japanese forces and Allied forces. Japan was determined to seize Port Moresby, although their navy was stopped in the Battle of the Coral Sea. This was a long and hard campaign due to the harsh conditions and lack of supplies, as well as many illnesses. There were also many casualties. The Allied forces had on this Campaign and the Japanese forces retreated. -
Fall of Singapore
British military base in Singapore falls to the Japanese. Australia begins to worry as there is no strong protection between them and Japan -
Battle of the Coral Sea
A significant battle between the Japanese military and Australian and American forces. The Allied forces had stopped Japanese forces from reaching Port Moresby. -
Battle of Midway
Another important battle between the Japanese forces and American and Australian forces. The American and Australian victory ultimately gave the Allied powers a large advantage in the Pacific Theatre. -
Potsdam Conference
After the end of the war in the European theatre, the Allies turned their attention to the war in the Pacific. The goal of this conference was to force Japan to surrender. They issued an ultimatum to the Japanese government, called the Potsdam Declaration. This Declaration states that if the Japanese did not surrender, they would 'prompt and utter destruction. -
The Bombing of Nagasaki
3 days after the bombing of Hiroshima, America dropped another atomic bomb on Japan, this time on Nagasaki. The results were just as devastating. On this same, day the Soviet Union declared war on Japan and invaded Manchuria. After this, the Japanese Emperor ordered his government to surrender. -
The Bombing of Hiroshima
Hiroshima, a large urban, industrial city was bombed by America, as it was an atomic bomb, the results were catastrophic. Many people were killed, and the long-term effects were almost worse. The citizens were given no warning of the bombing. The Japanese still refused to surrender -
Official end of World War II
Japan officially signed the terms of surrender and World War II came to an end. Japan surrendered with the one condition that the Emperor would be able to rule Japan with full sovereignty.
