World War II

World War

Period: Jan 1, 1933 to Dec 31, 1945

Rise of Hitler

Mar 5, 1933

Adolf Hitler becomes chancellor of Germany

Dachau

Mar 30, 1933

first concentration camp

non-Aryan decree

Apr 11, 1933

Nazis issue a decree defining a non-Aryan as "anyone descended from non-Aryan, especially Jewish, parents or grandparents. One parent or grandparent classifies the descendant as non-Aryan...especially if one parent or grandparent was of the Jewish faith."

Boycotts

Apr 22, 1933

Boycotts against Jews begin

Hitler's speech

Sep 5, 1933

Hitler gave speech concerning the violation of the Treaty of Versailles

the beginning of jewish prejudice

Jan 24, 1934

jews were banned from german labor front

Night of Long Knives

Jun 30, 1934

The Night of Long Knives occurs as Hitler, Göring and Himmler conduct a purge of the SA (storm trooper) leadership

Hitler's self proclaim

Aug 2, 1934

Hitler proclaims himself Führer und Reichskanzler (Leader and Reich Chancellor). Armed forces must now swear allegiance to him.

Nuremberg

Mar 5, 1935

Anti-Semitic Nuremberg Laws passed by Reichstag; Jews lose citizenship and civil rights

race laws

Sep 15, 1935

Nuremberg Race Laws against Jews decreed.

Fascists

Jan 5, 1936

Fascist army officers tried to overthrow the government

Spanish Civil War

Mar 5, 1936

The start of the Spanish Civil War between Fascists and Loyalists

olympic games

Aug 1, 1936

Olympic games begin in Berlin. Hitler and top Nazis seek to gain legitimacy through favorable public opinion from foreign visitors and thus temporarily refrain from actions against Jews.

anti homosexuality

Aug 25, 1936

Nazis set up an Office for Combating Homosexuality and Abortions (by healthy women).

banning of occupations

Jan 19, 1937

Jews are banned from many professional occupations including teaching Germans, and from being accountants or dentists. They are also denied tax reductions and child allowances.

War

Mar 5, 1937

A war broke out between China and Japan

Nanjing

Jun 5, 1937

Japanese troops brutally assaulted and occupied the Chinese city of Nanjing

Buchenwald

Jul 26, 1937

Buchenwald concentration camp opens

F.D.R

Sep 23, 1937

became convinced the U.S hould assist in the quarantine of warring nations

Kristallnacht

Mar 5, 1938

the night of broken glass

Munich Conference

Aug 27, 1938

At the Munich Conference, Germany was given control of the Sudetenland. Extension of anti-Semitic laws to Austria after annexation

Jewish genocide

Nov 1, 1938

26,000 Jews sent to concentration camps; Jewish children expelled from schools

Joseph Stalin

Mar 8, 1939

signed nonagression pact with Hitler

The start

Sep 1, 1939

Germany invaded Poland without warning

Germany

Oct 29, 1939

German bombers and armored divisions moved into Poland

War on Germany

Dec 28, 1939

Allied Powers declared war on Germany

Einsatzgruppen

Mar 5, 1940

Einsatzgruppen (mobile killing squads) follow German army into conquered lands, rounding up and massacring Jews and other “undesirables.”

German attacks

Mar 5, 1940

Germans attacked around the Maginot Line

Churchill

May 5, 1940

Winston Churchill became prime minister

Italian warfare

Aug 5, 1940

Italy declared war on France and Britain

Nazi Power

Mar 5, 1941

German submarines turned the North Atlantic into a grave yeard of ships which started The Battle of the Atlantic. The genocyde stages of the Holocaust began and concentration camps came into power

Japan

May 5, 1941

Japanese troops occupied French Indochina and the pearl harbor attack commenced

Heydrich

Jul 7, 1941

Goering instructs Heydrich to carry out the “final solution to the Jewish question

Massacre

Dec 5, 1941

Deportation of German Jews begins; massacres of Jews in Odessa and Kiev (and in Riga and Vilna

Auschwitz

Jan 5, 1942

Mass killings using Zyklon-B begin at Auschwitz-Birkenau

Wannsee Conference

Jan 20, 1942

Nazi leaders attend Wannsee Conference to coordinate the “final solution”

WPB

Jun 5, 1942

F.D.R created the War Production Board to increase military prodution

liquidation

Jun 10, 1942

Nazis liquidate Lidice in retaliation for Heydrich's death.

Treblinka

Jul 5, 1942

100,000 Jews from Warsaw Ghetto deported to Treblinka death camp

Warsaw

Jan 5, 1943

Warsaw Ghetto uprisings

War contracts

Mar 5, 1943

Executive order requiring nondiscrimination clauses in all war contracts

Mobilization

Mar 5, 1943

The office of mobilization coordinated all government agencies involved in war effort

Ghetto

May 5, 1943

Ghetto exterminated

Danish Underground

Oct 11, 1943

The Danish Underground helps transport 7,220 Danish Jews to safety in Sweden by sea.

Fate of the Jewish race

Jan 25, 1944

Diary entry by Hans Frank, Gauleiter of Poland, concerning the fate of 2.5 million Jews originally under his jurisdiction - "At the present time we still have in the General Government perhaps 100,000 Jews."

Hungarian

May 5, 1944

476,000 Hungarian Jews sent to Auschwitz

Freedom?

Nov 5, 1944

Soviet Army liberates Maidanek death camp. Nazis try to hide evidence of death camps

Truman

Mar 1, 1945

This UN charter points down the only road to enduring peace. There is no other

1945-1952

Mar 23, 1945

The U.S. occupied and defeated Japan

Allies advancement

Apr 5, 1945

As Allies advance, Nazis force concentration camp inmates on death marches. Americans liberate Buchenwald and British liberate Bergen-Belsen camps

Beginning of the UN

Apr 23, 1945

delegates from 50 nations net in San Francisco to draw up the Charter of the United Nations

Potsdam Conference

Jul 23, 1945

marked the first time President Truman had met with Winston Churchill and Joseph Stalin since President Roosevelt's death

United Nations came to power

Oct 24, 1945

The UN officially came into existence

Trial

Dec 5, 1945

Nuremberg War Crimes Trial

Zionism

Dec 28, 1945

After World War II, thousands of European Jews made their way to Palestine