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Benito Mussolini- In Power
Benito Mussolini was the fascist Italian dictator who allied with Germany and Japan during World War II. When he and his mistress were shot in 1945, people cheered due to the fact that the dictatorship was over. -
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Emperor Hirohito- In Power
Emperor Hirohito was the ruler of Japan during World War II. It is not completely sure whether he made all the decisions from the incident in Manchuria up until the end of the war or if he just allowed militarists to handle everything. -
Japanese Invasion of Manchuria
After the Japanese staged a train explosion and blamed it on the Chinese, they invaded Manchuria and took many ideal military points in Manchuria. -
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Adolf Hitler- in power
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Italian Invasion of Ethiopia
After previously having lost to the Ethiopian people, Italy returned to Ethiopia to conquer the land. Eventually, the capital fell to Italy, but Italian rule over Ethiopia was never recognizd by the United States. -
Occupation of the Rhineland
German troops went into the Rhineland, a demilitarized area in between France and Germany. By doing this, they violated the Treaty of Versailles. -
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The Spanish Civil War
The Spanish Civil War was fought between the rebels, or the Nationalists, and the Republicans. The Nationalists were made up of Facists and the Catholic Church and were backed by Facist Italy and Nazi Germany. The Republicans were groups of Spanish labor unions and anti-facist political groups. -
Air Raid on Guernica
The German govenrment bombed Guernica, Spain in a three hour air raid. This was to test their airplanes, bombs, and machine-gunned fighter planes. -
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Neville Chamberlain- In Power
Neville Chamberlain was the Prime Minister of England, who was one of the world leaders who granted Hitler the policy of appeasement to Hitler right before World War II. -
The Anschluss
Austria is occupied and annexed to Nazi Germany. -
Munich Conference
Germany, the United Kingdoms, France, and Italy reach the decision to allow Germany to have the Sudentenland with the formation of the Munich Pact. The Munich Pact also gave rules for how the Czecholoslovakians should carry out the evactuation of the Sudentendland. -
Annexation of Czecholovakia
The German occupied the rest of Czechoslovakia after originally saying that they would not continue expanding after the annexation of the Sudentenland. The Allies did not sanction this action and did not approve. -
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Francisco Franco- In power
Francisco Franco was the fascist dictator of Spain, who was born on December 4, 1892 and died on November 20, 1975. His rule ended when he died. -
Nazi-Soviet Pact
Josef Stalin and Adolf Hitler make a pact to not declare war on each other and work together to take Czechoslovakia and Poland. -
Invasion of Poland
After Hitler violated the Munich Pact and invaded the rest of Czechoslovakia, Britain and France promised to protect Poland. However, Germany invaded Poland without fear of the Soviet Union due to the Nazi-Soviet Pact. This triggered the official declaration of war. -
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The Holocaust
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Wintston Churchill- In Power
Winston Churchill was the prime minister in Britain during World War II. He rallied British morale to be up and he also brought his country to victory in the war. -
Fall of France
Only six weeks after Germany's original invasion of France and the many attacks that happened within them, France signs an armistice in the same train car where the Germans did in 1918. -
Formation of Vichy France
The armistice signed on June 22nd between France and Germany separated France into occupied and unoccupied areas. The unoccupied area was the southeastern two-fifths of the country; the rest was occupied by Germany. Pierre Laval joined the government a day after the armistice and convinced the National Assembly to have complete legislative and executive powers in Vichy France. -
Formation of the "Free French"
Charles de Gaulle, exiled in London, led the underground "Free French" movement. In 1944, 300,000 Free French troops joined in the Allied invasions and freed Paris. -
Climax of the Battle of Britain
The twelve week Battle of Britain beginning on July 10, 1940 took place between the German Luftwaffe and the British Royal Air force. The Germans faced many disadvantages including lack of preparation and on September 17, Hitler postponed the invasion of Britain. -
Formation of the Rome-Berlin-Tokyo Axis
Japan joins the alliance between Italy and Germany, forming the Rome-Berlin-Tokyo Axis. -
Operation Barbarossa
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Attack on Pearl Harbor
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Battle of Midway
The Battle of Midway took place between Japan and the U.S. at the American mid-Pacific base Midway. Japanese Combined Fleet commander Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto tried to destroy the U.S. Pacific Fleet's aircraft carrier. However, American communications intelligence knew of his plans before the battle occured. Admiral Chester W. Nimitz was already prepared for the attack and the U.S. Navy defeated Japanese with only one of three U.S. carriers lost. The base at Midway was damaged but still useful. -
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Battles of El Alamein
The Battles of El Alamein were fought between Britain and Germany in Northwestern Egypt. The first one was fought on July 1, and the British eventually stopped Germany's wish to overrun Egypt and take the Suez Canal. The Britih Army started another attack from El Alamein and the attacks left Germany's army weakened. On November 6, the Germanys were driven out of Egypt and into Libya. -
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The Battle of Stalingrad
The Battle of Stalingrad was one of the results of Operation Barbarossa and Hitler's invasion of the Soviet Union. The victory of the Soviets halted German invance further into the Soviet Union and marked the war becoming in favor of the Allies. -
D-Day
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Charles DeGaulle- In Power
After leading the "Free French", Charles DeGaulle was elected President. He and his governemnt had two successful governements but randomly resigned on January 20th. -
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Battle of the Bulge
The Battle of the Bulge was the last major offensive move on the Western front by the Germans. The goal of the battle was to push the Allies away from German home territory, but it was unsuccessful on Germany's part. -
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Battle of Iwo Jima
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V-E Day
German general Alfred Jodi signed the official surrender of Nazi Germany on May 8, and it was declared that the day would be a national holiday by Winston Churchill. VE stands for Victory in Europe. -
Decision to use atomic weapons
Harry Truman, the President of the United States, had to make a decision all on his own to use the atomic bomb on Japan. On August 6, 1945, the Enola Gay dropped an atomic bomb on Hiroshima in Japan. 70,000 people were killed instantly and another 100,000 were killed from burns and radiation sickness in later years. -
V-J Day
After two weeks of accepting the Allies terms, Japan formally surrendered on the U.S.S. Missouri anchored in Tokyo Bay with other American and British ships.
