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Guda created her image set in an initial letter ... "Guda, a sinner, wrote and painted this book" (Halpern, 2024). Halpern, J. (2024, October 30). 3.2: European Medieval Art (500 CE - 1400 CE). Herstory: A History of Women Artists. Humanities LibreTexts. https://human.libretexts.org/Courses/Evergreen_Valley_College/Herstory%3A_A_History_of_Women_Artists_(Gustlin)/3%3A_The_Emergence_of_Women_Artists_in_European_Art_(500_CE_-_1600_CE)/3.2%3A_European_Medieval_Art_(500_CE_-_1400_CE) -
Clarica was a German scribe-illuminator (Tilghman, 2023). The piece presented is located in the Psalter created 1200 (Tilghman, 2023). Her name is mentioned in the work as a way of honoring women who prioritized their art and individual self expression. References Tilghman, B. C. (2023). A codicological cloister for Claricia. The Journal of the Walters Art
Museum, 76. https://journal.thewalters.org/volume/76/essay/a-codicological-cloister-foclaricia/ -
Properzia de Rossi was a renaissance artist from a noble family (Jacks, 2018). One of her most famous works, the one I will be discussing, is title Joseph and Potiphar's Wife (Jacks, 2018). The sculpture depicts a women pulling a man by his clothes. Reference Jacks, L. [FLCPublicLibrary]. (2018, December 20). Women In the Renaissance Episode 5 –
Women in Renaissance Art [Video]. YouTube.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QpSD53zmx6k -
Levina Teerlinc was a court painter for Henry VIII through Elizabeth I (Jacks, 2018). During her time Levina painted portrait shots of Henry VIII and his family (Jacks, 2018). The paintings were typically family members dressed in formal attire. References Jacks, L. [FLCPublicLibrary]. (2018, December 20). Women In the Renaissance Episode 5 –
Women in Renaissance Art [Video]. YouTube.
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QpSD53zmx6k -
Gentileschi was the first woman to become a member of the Accademia di Arte del Disegno in Florence (“Artemisia Gentileschi,” 2025). Gentileschi's paintings feature women from myths, allegories, and the Bible, including victims, suicides, and warriors (“Artemisia Gentileschi,” 2025). References: Wikipedia contributors. (2025, March 13). Artemisia Gentileschi. Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artemisia_Gentileschi -
Maria's Metamorphosis has been credited with influencing a range of naturalist illustrators (“Maria Sibylla Merian,” 2025). Her careful observations and documentation of the metamorphosis of the butterfly, Merian is considered by David Attenborough to be among the more significant contributors to the field of entomology (“Maria Sibylla Merian,” 2025). References: Wikipedia contributors. (2025, March 13). Maria Sibylla Merian. Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maria_Sibylla_Merian -
Angelica Kauffman spent 15 years in England, making a significant impact on the London art scene as one of only two female Founder Members of the Royal Academy (Royal Academy of Arts, n.d.). The image is black and white with a nude women and a flying bird. References: Royal Academy of Arts. (n.d.). Angelica Kauffman RA (1741–1807). Royal Academy of Arts.
Retrieved May 9, 2025, from https://www.royalacademy.org.uk/art- artists/name/angelica-kauffman-ra -
Moser painted portraits and historical subjects however she is associated with her flower paintings (Royal Academy of Arts, n.d.). .). She won her first medal from the Society of Arts for her closely observed flower drawings aged just 14 (Royal Academy of Arts, n.d.). Reference Royal Academy of Arts. (n.d.). Mary Moser RA (1744–1819). Royal Academy of Arts.
Retrieved May 9, 2025, from https://www.royalacademy.org.uk/art- artists/name/mary-moser-ra -
Berthe was considered an impressionist painter. The work is oil on canvas and was painted in 1879 (White, 2020). References: White, K. (2020, August 28). Berthe Morisot’s scene of summer tranquility was unusual for its time. Here are 3 facts you might not know about the Impressionist masterpiece. Artnet News. https://news.artnet.com/art-world/berthe-morisot-summers-day- three-things-to-know-1904573 -
Mary Cassett was born in Pennsylvania to a well-off family (Mary Cassatt, 2025). Maternal Caress is a dry point softground etching on paper and can be found at the National Museum of Women in the Arts (National Museum of Women in the Arts, n.d.) References
Mary Cassatt. (2025). Mary Cassatt. https://marycassatt.org/ -
Maybel Alvarez art focuses on color and atmosphere using techniques like the techniques of Impressionism (Mabel Alvarez Estate Collection, n.d.). Maybel depicts themes surrounding youth, growth, and regeneration (Mabel Alvarez Estate Collection, n.d.). References:
Mabel Alvarez Estate Collection. (n.d.). Mabel Alvarez Estate Collection – a resource
for studying the art and life of Mabel Alvarez. https://mabelalvarez.com/ -
O'Keeffe explored abstract techniques often creating her own ideas and feelings through the use of abstract images (Georgia O’Keeffe Museum, n.d). Reference:
Georgia O’Keeffe Museum. (n.d.). About Georgia O’Keeffe. Georgia O’Keeffe Museum. https://www.okeeffemuseum.org/about-georgia- okeeffe/ -
Tamara de Lempicka was born into a well off family and grew up in Poland (de Lempicka, n.d.). Her parents divorced in her youth and to compensate her grandmother spoiled her with clothes and travel (de Lempicka, n.d.). This would greatly inspire her art and creation later in life. Reference:
de Lempicka, T. (n.d.). Tamara's life. Tamara de Lempicka.
https://www.delempicka.org/tamaras-life/ -
Agnes started experimenting with abstract paintings using organic form in New Mexico (Museum of Modern Art, n.d.). She gained attention and later moved to New York in 1957 to pursue art (Museum of Modern Art, n.d.). Martin’s signature style consisted of sis by six foot painted canvases covered with penciled grids and a thin layer of gesso (Museum of Modern Art, n.d.). Reference: Museum of Modern Art. (n.d.). Agnes Martin. The Museum of Modern -
Gertrude’s art was produced based of personal significance through a series of enigmatic images (Carnegie Museum of Art, 2025). Her works were considered mysterious and often included cats, owls, snails, doors, or moons (Carnegie Museum of Art, 2025). References: Carnegie Museum of Art. (2025). Gertrude Abercrombie: The Whole World Is a Mystery.
https://carnegieart.org/exhibition/gertrude-abecrombie/ -
Joan Mitchell is considered an abstract artist with a career spanning over four decades (Joan Mitchell Foundation, n.d.). Joan has worked with various mediums over the years such as oil painting, pastel on paper, and printmaking (Joan Mitchell Foundation, n.d.). References: Joan Mitchell Foundation. (n.d.). Joan Mitchell: Biography. Joan Mitchell Foundation.
https://www.joanmitchellfoundation.org/joan-mitchell/biography -
Amy focuses on creating people, specifically those in the black community (Whitney Museum of American Art, 2025). Amy considers herself and her work to be an inheritor of the American Realist tradition of artists such as Edward Hopper (Whitney Museum of American Art, 2025). This genre focused on everyday life of whites. Reference:
National Portrait Gallery. (n.d.). Michelle Obama. National Portrait Gallery. https://npg.si.edu/learn/classroom-resource/michelle-obama -
“Khosravi’s paintings take a conscious look at how the value system transmitted by that iconography continues to shape Iranian gender politics today” (Khosravi, n.d.). Arghavan’s work is most known for its multi-dimensionality (Khosravi, n.d.). Her work is constructed using various mediums such as scaffolding and wooden panels (Khosravi, n.d.). References: Kavi Gupta Gallery. (n.d.). Arghavan Khosravi. Kavi Gupta Gallery.
https://kavigupta.com/artists/119-arghavan-khosravi/