WHY HAD INTERNATIONAL PEACE COLLAPSED BY 1939?

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    HITLER'S FOREIGN POLICY

    hitler promised to make Germany great again, to solve the problems of unemployment and 'right the wrongs of TOV'
    his foreign policy was designed to help him achieve this
  • Germany withdraws from Disarmament conference

    hitler walked out saying that France wasn't serious
  • germany leaves LON | Novemeber 1933

    lon represented the hated tov
    after a plebiscite on the question 95.1% germans agreed to. leave
  • non aggression pact | January 1934

    germany and poland
    10 years
    poland won't interfere if germany moved against austria or czechoslovakia
  • dollfuss affair

    assasination of Austrian chancellor
    engelbert dollfuss - created a dictatorship, violence and chaos as a result
    due to chaos --> hitler planned to launch an invasion to achieve Anschluss hitlers plans were thwarted by Mussolini (who threatened war)
  • Abyssinian crisis | October

    Germany continued to trade w Italy despite sanctions by LON
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    appeasement

  • saar plebiscite

    90% people of the region wanted to join germany
    coal mining saar region on the border of f&g could hold a plebiscite aft 15 years Lon rule on who should control the region
  • conscription announced

    and intention to build up an army of 36 divisions
  • stressa front | April 1935

    coalition between Britain, France, and Italy to oppose hitlers foreign policy
    in response to 'freedom to rearm rally'
  • anglo German naval agreement

    Britain and germany
    set the size of the Germany's navy (kriegsmarine) at 35% that of the Royal Navy
  • anti-comintern pact with Nov 1936 Japan and Nov 1937 Italy

    work against communism
  • remilitarisation of rhineland

    demilitarised under tov
    19 battalions of German soldiers marched publicly into Rhineland
    gambled
    britain --> thought right
    france --> financial crisis
    both --> Abyssinian crisis
    historians --> last chance to stop
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    spanish civil war

    Britain and France led a non-intervention committee that banned countries from formally becoming involved in the Spanish civil war.
    fascist powers ignored so did ussr
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    Sudetenland crisis | May 1938 - September 1938

    may 1938 - threatened to seize Sudetenland
    june 1939 - czech govt accepted demands made by Sudeten germans 9 sep 1938 - czech govt plebiscite 12 sep 1938 - speech by hitler - riots 15 Sep 1938 - bavaria, chamberlain agreed areas of Sudetenland w majority German pop should be given to germany if the rest agreed 22 sep 1938 - rhineland, chamberlain gained approval but hitler demanded the whole of Sudetenland international conference suggested at Munich by Mussolini and chamberlain
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    anschluss

    hitler met w Austrian chancellor
    hitler persuades schuschnigg to give a leading nazi: minister of the interior
    schuschnigg organised a plebscite: 9th March
    on finding this hitler demanded that he resign and that seyss- inquart become chancellor: 10th march
    German troops entered: 12th march
    plebiscite held: 10 April, 99.25% of vote in favour
  • munich conference

    britain, france, germany, italy
    czech and ussr not invited
    sudetenland to be transferred over a 10 day period
  • invasion of czechoslovakia | march 1939

    german army invaded Czechoslovakia's remaining territories
  • polish guarantee | march 1939

    britain and france offered a guarantee to poland, promising protection if it was attacked
  • pact of steel | may 1939

    germany and italy
    Japan joined in 1940
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    nazi soviet pact

    non-aggression pact between soviet russia and nazi gerrmany
    - not to go to war
    - partition polish territory
  • invasion of poland | beginning of ww2

    german troops invaded poland at 4:45 am accusing poles of launching an attack across german borders
  • britain and france declare war on germany