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in 476 C.E. Romulus, the last roman emperors in the west, was overthrown by the Germanic leader Odoacer, who became the first barbarian to rule in Rome. The order that the Roman Empire had brought to western Europe for 1000 years was no more.
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the Dark Ages is a categorization commonly used to describe the period between the fall of the Roman Empire and the beginning of the Italian Renaissance and the Age of Exploration. Roughly speaking, the Dark Ages corresponds to the Middle Ages, or from 500 to 1500 AD
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The Crusades were a series of religious wars between Christians and Muslims started primarily to secure control of holy sites considered sacred by both groups. In all, eight major Crusade expeditions occurred between 1096 and 1291. The bloody, violent and often ruthless conflicts propelled the status of European Christians, making them major players in the fight for land in the Middle East
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the time period in European civilization immediately following the Middle Ages, conventionally held to have been characterized by a surge of interest in classical learning and values.
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The Reformation, also referred to as the Protestant Reformation, was a schism from the Roman Catholic Church initiated by Martin Luther and continued by John Calvin, Huldrych Zwingli, and other early Protestant Reformers in 16th-century Europe.
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European politics, philosophy, science and communications were radically reoriented during the course of the “long 18th century”as part of the enlightenment movement
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The Industrial Revolution was the transition to new manufacturing processes -
the French Revolution began in 1789 and ended in the late 1790s with the ascent of Napoleon Bonaparte
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World War I - Outbreak of War. On June 28, 1914, a Serbian nationalist named Gavrilo Princip assassinated Franz Ferdinand the Archduke of Austria, in Sarajevo. Exactly one month later, Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia. Most of the action took place in the trenches. They were dug deep into the ground in a zigzag pattern to protect soldiers from advancing enemies.
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In December of 1991, as the world watched in amazement, the Soviet Union disintegrated into fifteen separate countries. Its collapse was hailed by the west as a victory for freedom, a triumph of democracy over totalitarianism, and evidence of the superiority of capitalism over socialism.
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World War II, also known as the Second World War, was a global war that lasted from 1939 to 1945, although related conflicts began earlier.
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The Cold War was a state of geopolitical tension after World War II between powers in the Eastern Bloc (the Soviet Union and its satellite states) and powers in the Western Bloc (the United States, its NATO allies and others).
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West Germany formally joined NATO on May 5, 1955, and the Warsaw Pact was signed less than two weeks later, on May 14. Joining the USSR in the alliance were Albania, Bulgaria, Czechoslovakia, the German Democratic Republic East Germany, Hungary, Poland and Romania.
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The Berlin Wall: The Fall of the Wall. On November 9, 1989, as the Cold War began to thaw across Eastern Europe, the spokesman for East Berlin's Communist Party announced a change in his city's relations with the West. Starting at midnight that day, he said, citizens of the GDR were free to cross the country's borders
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The European Union. The European Union (EU) was created by the Maastricht Treaty on November 1st 1993. It is a political and economic union between European countries which makes its own policies concerning the members' economies, societies, laws and to some extent security
