-
Benito Mussolini
-In Italy,Benito Mussolini developed a new type of political party & seized power
-By 1921,Mussolini established the Fascist Party
-Fascism stressed Nationalism & placed the interest of the state above those individual -
Joseph Stalin
-In USSR,Joseph Stalin whose cast name means"Man of Steel",took control of the country
-Stalin focused on creating a model communist state.He moved both agricultural & industrial growth
-In 1939,Stalin had firmly established a totalitarian gov. that tried to exert complete control over citizens -
Adolph Hitler
-In Germany,Adolph Hitler had followed a path to power similar to Mussolini
-In 1919,he joined a struggling group called the Nazi Party
-Hitler quickly became the party's leader he established a dictatorship as Brutal or worst than Stalin's
-He was determined to achieve German domination of Europe -
Germany Expansion
-Germany started acquiring German speaking area lost after WW1 Sudetenland(a section of France),Czechoslovakia,Hungary & Poland
-Increasingly a global political division emerged between democratic societies(U.S. & Britain)& totalitarian states(Germany) actions-@1st nothing but when Germany did not stop an all out war occurred -
Rationing
-Rationing is the controlled distribution of scarce resource & goods
-Rationing items were gasoline,tires,meat,butter & jellies
-People had to use "Rationing Goods" which were issued to each family based on its size -
Axis Alliance
-Sep.27,1940 Germany,Italy & Japan signed the Tripartite Pact,which became known as the Axis Alliance
-They had two common interests:1)Territorial expansion & foundation of empires based on military conquest & the overthrown of the post-WW1 international order,2)The destruction of neutralization of Soviet communism -
Pearl harbor
-Japanese planes attacked the U.S. Naval base at Pearl Harbor,Hawaii territory
-The bombing killed more than 2,300 Americans,destroying the American battleship U.S.S
-"Yesterday,December 7,1941-date which will live in infamy the United States of America was suddenly & deliberatoly attacked by naval & air forces of the empire of Japan -
Lend Lease Program
-Purpose:Franklin Roosevelt introduced the Lend Lease Program to congress.It was intended to help Britain beat Hitler's advance while keeping America only indirect involved in WW2
-Result:Lend-Lease Program for military did to any country whose defense was vital to the security of the US
-Effect:Lend Lease Program was the Principal way to get out of the Great Depression -
Rosie The Riveter
-1945 nearly one out of every four married women worked outside the home,'Rosie the Riveter',star of a government campaign aimed at recruiting female workers for munitions industry,become perhaps the most iconic image of working women during the war -
War Bonds
-Way to remove money from circulation as well as reduce inflation
-People would buy bonds & the gov. promised to return to them w/interest after 10/yr or more
-Gov. needs the money to pay for war equipment -
Bataan Death March
-The Bataan Death March happened after the U.S. surrender of the Bataan Peninsula it affected the war tide in favor of the axis power.Allied prisoners were forced to march 65 miles to prison camps,where thousands died from diseases,mistreatment & starvation -
Higgins Boat/Nuclear Weapons
-Higgins boat was a landing craft used extensively in amphibious landing in WW2. The craft was designed by Andrew Higgins based on boats made for operating in swamps & marshes
-In July 16,1945 president Harry Truman decided to use the atomic bomb against Japan.After bombs were dropped on Hiroshima & Nagasaki in Aug. 1945,Japan surrendered WW2,in which over 70 million people died when it was over. -
Isoroku Yamamotto
-Japanese Marshall Admiral & Commander in Chief of the Combined fleet
-Played a vital role (executed the surprise attack)in Pearl Harbor which made Japan victorious -
Executive Order 9066
-US presidential executive order signed & issued during WW2,by FDR,authorizing the secretary of war to prescribe certain areas as military zones,clearing the way for the deportation of Japanese
-The attack on Pearl Harbor in Dec.7,1941 led t growing suspicions largely by racism & fear about the loyalty of Japanese Army
-Japanese ancestry was classified as "Enemy Aliens"
-Curfews were instituted & assets were Frozen
-120k Japanese Army informed that the gov. would forcibly remove them from home -
Battle of Midway
-The Battle of Midway pushed the war tide in favor of the allied powers since it was one of the most decisive U.S. Victories against Japan
-The U.S. inflicted permanent damage on the Japanese Navy,*This was the turning pain of U.S. against Japan -
Victory Gardens
-As part of the war effort,the government rationed foods like sugar,butter,milk,cheese,eggs,coffee,meat & canned goods
-The government turned to its citizen & encourage them to plant"Victory Gardens"
-Garden help make sure enough food & supplies were available for home & the troops during WW2 -
WAVE
-Women accepted for volunteer emergency service(WAVES) was created in 1942 in response to the need for additional military personnel during WW2
-Waves were an official part of the Navy,it's members held the same rank & ratings as male personnel
-Waves could not serve aboard combat ships or aircraft,& initially were restricted to amity in the Continental U.S. at the end of WW2,there were 8,000 female officers -
Erwin Rommel
-Field Marshall Erwin Rommel was one of German's most popular Generals during WW2
-On "D-Day" he discussed with other officers about surrendering
-Due to his ties to the plot to over throw Hitler,he murdered -
Bernard Montgomery
-Senior British Army Officer in the African & European war(theater)
-Commanded the British 8th Army & 2nd let Army during the Euro Campaign
-was over all British Troops on June 6,1944"D-Day" -
Douglas MacAuthor
-American 5 star General & field Marshall of the Philippine Army
-Mac Author was chief of staff during WW2
-Led the US Army in "Island Hopping" in the South West Pacific Campaign -
George Patton
-Led the U.S 7th army in its invasion of Sicily and swept across northern France
-Patton's forces played a key role in the featuring the German counterattack in the battle of the bulge
-Patton died in Germany in December 1945 of injuries sustained in a automobile accident -
D-Day
-Effected the War tide for the allies positively because the battle foreshadowed the end of Hitlers Dreams of Nazi domination. D-Day was the largest air, land, and sea operation undertaken the landing included over 5k ships, 11k airplanes, and over 150k service men. By the end the allies had reached the Seine River, Paris was liberated and the Germans had been removed from Northwestern France, effectively concluding the Battle of Normandy