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Koremastsu US
-Fred Korematsu a Japanese U.S citizens refused to leave his home in San Leandro, CA Court decided the Nations Security concern out weighed the constitutions promise of equal rights
-The executive order 9066 banned Japanese alien and Non-Alien from the U.S 50 years later it was over turned by congress and an apology was given -
Benito Mussolini - Italy
-Fascism was an authorization political movement that developed in Italy and other Europeans countries after 1919
-Fascist program emphasized intense nationalism, productivism, anti socialism, elitism and the need for a strong leader Mussolini -
Joseph Stalin-USSR
-Joseph Stalin was a powerful communist leader in the early years of the soviet union. He was a dictator who terrorized the population and send many people to prison and labor camps.
-One of the communist leaders greatest task was collectivize farming. Stalin created a state-owned farm
-While Stalin was the leader he steadily increased his power. Many of his enemies were show or sent to Siberia. -
Adolph Hitler- Germany
-A dictatorship requires one person and one aparty to be in control of a nation and a c
-Personal freeedom disappear in Nazi germany
-hitler asked Hinderburg to grant him emergnecy power in view of the " Communist takeover" -
Advanced technology during WW2
Torpedoes were used to destroy submarines and ships from long distance because bullets couldn't go far and do a lot of damage
-Bombing Raids were used to destroy anything in a certain area, such as factories that produce military equipment. in WW2
-Wolf Packs were German submarines that had mass-attack tactics against convoys. A group of ships, warships, and submarines, that attack a Certain target all at once. -
German Expansion
The Germa invasion of Western Poland on Semptember 1, 1939 led to WW2 betqween 1939 and 1941 the German army invaded and occupied many countries, including the Nehterlands,Belgium, and France to declare war on Germany and then began the war, because German invasions continued more of the countires declared war ont eh Germans and their allies which caused a international response of war -
Allied powers of WW2
the allied powers of the were were Great Britain, France, The Soviet Union, the US, and China. Great Britain and France had allied together after the German invasion of Poland, the Soviet Union joined in June 1941 to gain influence in Europe, china joined after the invasion of Manchuria and the US had joined because the Japanese bombing of Pearl Harbor -
Volunteerism in WW2 (Red Cross)
At home:
began blood donor services in America to produce live saving plasma for the Armed Forces, saved in hospitals, produced emergency supplies, collected scrap, run victory gardens, and maintained training programs.
overseas:
became the chief providers of relief supplies in Europe, served as field director provided support for troops operated clubs and were attend to military hospital. -
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Axis powers of WW2
The axis powers of WW2 were Germany, Italy and Japan. This was originally between Germany and Italy by binding Rome and Berlin. The reason for the Germans started the war since Hitler ha came into power and felt that Germans deserved better than what the treaty left them with, then Italy had joined because the Fascist leader Mussolini was to spread Fascism throughout Europe and Japan joined because they were invading China and they wanted to push their expansion further. -
Rationing
-Rationing is the controlled destruction of scarce resources and goods
-Rationing items were gasoline,tires, metals, butter and Jellies
-People had to us rationing which were issued to each familt based on its size -
M1 Semi automatic rifle and radar
M1 - the design of the M1 allowed the Americans to fire more shots against their German and Japanese counter parts.
Radar - battles were won by the side that was first spot enemy airplanes, ships, or submarines. The radar helped see hundreds of miles away even at night -
Lend Lease Program
-Gave the President the authority to sell ease lend or otherwise dispose of any defense article to any nation whose defense he considered critical to that of the U.S
-Neutrality by claiming the loans were made in the interest of national defense: goods were not destroyed or lost in battle were to return or paid for
-It allowed the US to provide its allies with id in the form of tanks, ammunition and constructions supplies -
Women in the Military
WACS- Womens army corps auxiliary unit
women are doing the office things and the men in the offices were shipped over seas to fight
the women did paperwork, supplied food, telegrams etc.
Waves- women accepted for volunteer emergency service int eh navy at the end of WW2 the women couldn't stay in the navy -
War Bonds
way to removes money from circulation as well as reduce inflation
-people would buy bonds and the government promised to return them with interest after 10 years or more
government needs the $$ to pay for war equipment -
Rosie the Riveter
was a cultural icon during the WW2 representing the women who worked in factories many who produced munitions or war supplies -
Pearl Harbor
-The Japanese Royal Navy launched a surprise attack against the Americans killing over 2,400 American and militant personal.
-Destroyed 18 ships and 32 airplanes
-Roosevelt's famous day of infamy speech was a response to the attack -
Multiple front fought by the Us
the us had fought a few fronts during the WW2 the Atlantic Front, The Pacific front, the European front and the Home front. These fronts had pushed the war in good for the allies because the US was equipped to produce mass war supply for the soldiers and the allied power armies, and the Us attacking on these fronts helped teh allied powers gain a new ally during the war, due to Germany then declaring war on the US and the Us declaring war on Japan after Pearl harbor -
Bataan death March
The Bataan Death March happened after the US surrender of the Bataan Peninsula it affected the war tide in favor of the axis powers, because approximately 75,000 Filipino and American troops on Bataan were forced to make an arduous 65-mile march to prison camps, survivors were taken by rail from San Fernando to prison of war camps, where thousands more died from disease, mistreatment and starvation -
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Island Hopping
island hopping was affecting the tide in favor of the allied powers because they kept pushing Japanese forces out of the islands, through the offensive against the island of Guadalcanal in Solomon Archipelago which had marked the beginning of island hopping fought between august 1942 and February 1943, eventually succeeded in forcing Japan to relinquish the island -
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Victory Corps
the purpose of this student organization was to prepare highs school students to aid in the war on home front lines.
both girls and boys from white and African american school participated
students participate in a physical fitness program and enroll in wa seffort class -
Battle of Midway
The Battle of Midway pushed the war tide in favor of the allied powers since it was one of the most decisive US victories against Japan, because major advances in code breaking, the US was able to preempt and counter Japans planned ambush, the Us. inflicted permanent damage on the Japanese Navy by destroying 4 fleet carriers, 322 air crafts, and over 5,000 sailors -
Victory Gardens
As part of the war effort the government rationed food like sugar, butter, milk, cheese, eggs, coffee, meat, and canned goods.
The government turned to its citizens and encouraged them to plant "Victory Gardens" -
Higgins Boats
Higgins boat were a landing craft used extensively in amphibious landing in WW2. The crafts were design by Andrew Higgins on boats made for operations in swamps or marshes. -
Executive Order 9066
The document ordered the removal of resident enemy from parts of the west
after bombing Pearl Harbor by the Japanese in 1941 Roosevelt came under increase pressure by military and political -
Chester W. Nimitz
-was leading the Us army authority or submarines
-he was the US last surviving officer who ranked as a fleet admiral
-admiral Chester was appointed commander in chief of the US Pacific fleet just after Pearl Harbor
-He commanded US forces at the Battle of Midway
-This battle halted the Japanese advance in the Pacific -
Isoroku Yamamato
-Japanese marshal admiral commander in chief of the combined fleet
-played a vital role (executed the surprise attack) in Pearl Harbor which made Japan victorious -
Bernard Montgomery
-Senior British Army Officer in the African and European war
-Commanded the British 8th Army & 21st Army during the Euro Campaign
-Was over all British Troops on June 6 1944 "D-Day" -
Douglas MacArthur
-American 5 star general and field Marshal of the Philippine Army
-MacArthur was chief of staff during WW2
-Led the US army in "Island Hoping" in the south west pacific campaign -
Erwin Rommel
-field Marshal
-German's most popular general during the WW2
-On "D-Day" he discussed with other officers about surrendering
-Due to his ties to the plot to overthrow Hitler he was murdered -
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US office of war information
control the content and imagery of war messages and make citizens aware of how they could help in the war effort
-produced radio programs, new reels, asked citizens to contribute time and money, create products conserve resources , donate and stirrup distrust to lower enemy and population morals to promote surrender -
Omar Bradley
-Was a senior officer of the U.S Army
-He was in service in North America & Western Europe during WW2
-HE then became general of the ist American army to land in France -
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invasion of Normandy (D-Day)
-D-Day affected war tide for the allies positively b/c the battles foreshadowed to the end of Hitlers dream of Nazi domination. D-Day was the largest air, land and sea operation undertaken. the landing included over 5,000 ships, 10,000 airplanes , and 150,000 service men. by the end of the allies had reached the Seine River, Paris was liberated and the Germans had been removed from northwestern France, effectively concluding the battle of Normandy -
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Liberation of concentration camps
the liberation of the camps pushed towards the victory for the allies because they were slowly starting to shut down Hitlers operation of the Nazi takeover. The Soviet were the first forces to reach a concentration camp Majdanek near Lunlin, Poland. Due to the rapid soviet advance , the Germans had burned the camp but he gas chambers were left standing. the soviets also overran the sites of the Belzec, Sobibor, Treblinka, and the Soviets liberated Auschwitz, the largest concentration camp. -
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Liberation of concentration camps
the liberation of the camps pushed towards the victory for the allies because they were slowly starting to shut down Hitlers operation of the Nazi takeover. The Soviet were the first forces to reach a concentration camp Majdanek near Lunlin, Poland. Due to the rapid soviet advance , the Germans had burned the camp but he gas chambers were left standing. the soviets also overran the sites of the Belzec, Sobibor, Treblinka, and the Soviets liberated Auschwitz, the largest concentration camp. -
Potsdam Conference
-Patricians were the USSR the US and the UK
-The powers were represented by the communist party Joseph Stalin, Prime minister Winston Churchill, and President Harry Truman
-Gathered to decide how to punish Germany
-on July 25 truman Churchill , Chiang Kai Shek issued the position declaration which outlines the terms of surrender of Japan
-broke Germany into 3 different parts -
Nuclear weapon
-President Harry truman decided to use the Atomic Bomb against Japan. After bombs were dropped in Hiroshima and Nagasaki in August Japan surrendered WW2, in which over 70 million people died when it was over. -
Women in Minority
while the men to fight in the war the women were left to work in the factories. after the war men came back to reclaim their positions at the factories but her women didn't want to give them up. spooring up the feminist movement. in the war men of the color fought along side white men for the first time. when they got back from the war they were treated with the same racial slurs. sparking the civil rights movements. -
The US & European Countries (WW2 End Results)
-In the US the war happened after the Great Depression. 30% unemployment was cut down to less than 5% after the employment boosted due to the war. The European countries were left to rebuild and the US lended money to countries and Germany was the only country to fully pay it back in 1990 -
Japanese Expansion
_Japanese expansion in East Asia began in 1931 with the invasion of Manchuria and continued in 1937 with a brutal attack on China. On September 27, 1940, Japan signed Tripartite Pact with Germany and Italy. Then the US had stopped trade with the -
Geourge Marshall
throughout the war, general George C. Marshall (1880-1959) acted as chief of staff and the organizer of victory, He worked closely with President Roosevelt to urge military preparedness before Pearl Harbor, built up and supplied an army of 8 million men and later helped to over see the creation of the first atomic bomb.