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Benito Mussolini- Italy
-Fascism was an authoritarian political movement that developed in Italy and other Europeans countries after 1919.
-Fascist program emphasized intense nationalism ,productivism , anit socialism , elitism and the need for a strong leader Mussolini. -
Axis
-Germany , Italy and japan led a group of nations called the axis
-1930s the Nazi , leader was Hitler and try to take revenge to the countries that defeated Germany in WW1 & wanted world domination
-1930s japan invaded Manchuria because it had alot of raw materials
-they want their own countries to grow & others to become weaker -
Adolph Hitler - Germany
-A dictatorships requires one person and one party to be in control of a nation and a c
-Personal freedom disappear in Nazi Germany
-Hitler asked Hindenburg to grant him emergency power in view of the "communist takeover" -
Volunteerism of WW2
- Domestic ; home front both girls & boys from white & African American schools participated. - physical fitness program , enroll in war -effort classes, volunteer one extracurricular wartime activity .
- war front Effort - was to per pare high school students to aid in the war efforts on the home front & fronties.
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German Expansion
_ the German invasion of Western Poland on 1 September 1939 led to WW2. Between 1939 and 1941 the German army invaded and occupied many countries, including the Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, France , Denmark , Norway and Western Poland. the invasion of Poland led both Britain and France too declare war on Germany, and then began the war, because German invasions continued more of the countries declared war on the Germans and their allies which caused a international response of war . -
Volunteerism in WW2 Re Cross
- Began Blood donor services in ameica to produce life saving plsma for the arimed fones , served in hospitals , produced emergency supplies , collected serap , ran victovy gardens ,& maintained training programs .
- became the chief providers of relief supplies in Elope , served as Feld directors , rovided support for troops 10 perated dubs ,& were attached to military Hospitals
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George Marshall
Throughout the war , general George C. Marshall (1880-1959) acted as chief of staff and the organizer of victory. He worked closely with President Roosevelt to urge military preparedness before Pearl harbor, built up and supplied an army of 8 million men and later helped to oversee the Creation of the first atomic bomb. -
Allied
-great Britain , united states of america ,soviet union , France led a group of nations called the allied
-In 1941 congress voted that a state of war existed between USA& Japan
-War caused by German expansionism England & France were unprepared for war
-when hitler invaded poiland ,WW2 began -
Ratioing
rstioing is the controlled distribution of scarce resources goods, or an artificial restriction of demand
this policy regulated the amount of goods that a consumer couldobtain during the war rationung items were gasoline , tires ,meat,butter.jellies
Americans had to use Rationing coupons which were issued to each family base on its size -
Rosie the riveter
-1945 nearly one out every four married women worked outside the home. "Rosie the Riveter," star of government campaign aimed at recruiting female workers for the munitions industry , became perhaps the most iconic image of working women during the war . -
Women in the Military
-WACS-Women army Corps
-Auxiliary unit
-Women were doing office things while men in office were shipped over seas to fight.
-The women did paperwork, supply food , telegram , etc.
-Waves-women accepted for volunteer Emergency service in the navy
-At the end of WW2 the women couldn't stay in the navy -
War Bonds
_way to remove money from circulation as well as reduce inflation
-People would buy Bonds & the gov. promised to return to them w/ interest after 10 yr or more
GOV. needs the $ to pay for war equipment -
PEARL HARBOR
-The Japanese Royal Navy launched a surprise attack against thr Americans killing over 2,400 Americans and militant personal.
-Destroyed 18 ships and 32 airplanes
-Roosevelt's famous day of infamy speech was a response to the attack -
Executive Oreder 9066
U.S.Presidential excutive order signed & issued during WW2 , by Franklin D. Roosevelt authorizing the secretary of war to prescribe certain areas as military zones , clearing the way for the deportation of Japanese Americans The attack on pear harbor in December 1941 led to growing suspicions largely by racism and fear about the loyalty of Japanese Americans. -
Bataan Death March
-The Bataan Death March happened after the U.S surrender of the Bataan peninsula it affected the war tied inn favor of the axis power , because approximately 75,000 Filipino and american troops on Bataan -
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U.S office of War Information
Responsibilities - control the content and imagery of war messages and make citizens aware of how they could help in the war -effort
Activities - Produced Radio programs ,newsreels, asked citizens to contribute time & money , create products , consene resources,donate,and stirrup dist nest to lower enemy and population morals to promote surrender -
Executive Order 9066
_the document orderd the removal of enemy form parts of the west - After bombing Pearl Harbor by the Japanese in 1941 -
Victory Gradens
-As part of the war effort, the government rationed foods like sugar , butter,milk, cheese, egg, coffee, meat , and canned goods
-Gardens help make sure enough food and supplies were available for home and the troops during WW2 -
Chester W. Nimitz
-Was leading the US army authority on submarines
-he was the us last surviving officer who ranked as a fleet Admiral
-Admiral Chester was appointed Commander in Chief of the US Pacific fleet just after Pearl Harbor
-He commanded Us Forces at the Battle of Midway
_ this battle halted the Japanese advance in the pacific -
omar bradley
-was a senior officer of the us army
he was in service in north american army to land -
Potsdam Conferce
- Roosevelt (U.S) , Churchill (UK) , and Stalin (Russia)met in Yalty -they agreed on the formation of the united nations and that Germany would be divided into four zones occupied by Russia ,UK,US & France Free elections would also be passed soon after differences began to emerge
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Fair Deal
- intended to : was intended to enact policies consistent with Franklin Roosevelt New Deal . Effected U.S Economy : * no health care or help for homeowners *President Truman's veto of the Anti-labor union Taft - Hartley . act was over ride by congress. *Most of president Truman's Fair Deal Programs did not pass
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Victory Gardens
Victory Gardens Initiative of WW1 and WW2 was to support war effort . People throughout the unite states grew their own produce in yards , parks ,& other community spaces so that all available resources could go to wards war effort .
Rosie the riveter - government campaign aimed at recruiting female workers for the mutations industry become perhaps the most iconic image of working women during war. 350,000 women joined the armed services -
M1 semi automatic rifle and radar
M1: the design of the m1 allowed the amw=ericans to fire to more shots against thier german and Jaspsnese Counterpar5ts -
Rationing
-rationing is the controlled distribution of scarce resources and goods
-rationing items were gasoline,tires,meat,butter & jellies
-People had to use "Rationing Goods" which were issued to each family based on its size. -
Korematsu vs Us
Fred Korematus a japanese us citizen refused to leave