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Huey Long
-Long was a rollicking country lawyer who became Governor of Louisiana in 1928
-He propose against FDR at " Shores of Wealth Plan" the poorest Americans were promised an estate worth no less than 5,000 with a yearly 2,500 yearly minimum home guaranteed
-He wasn't able propose against FDR The New Deal because he was assassinated before he could do it -
The Stock Market Crash
Main causes of Great Depression:
-Tariff and was debt policies that cut down the foreign market for American goods
-A crisis int he farm sector
-The availability of east credit
-An unequal distribution of income
The Stock Market crash was a result of various economic imbalances and structural failings -
Immigrants during the Depression
-The stock market crashed in the 1929, it caused high unemployment. Americans panicked and began to blame Mexican & European immigrants for their problems.
-The US deported about 1.5 million Mexican & Europeans between 1929 & 1935
-President Hoover authorized a special Mexican Repatriation Act to send the Mexican-American immigrants back to Mexico -
Immigration during the depression
Tension grew towards immigrant and migrant worker both Mexican and European due to the lack of jobs and dust bowl
After a certain amount of time during the depression, US stopped allowing immigrants into the country
The police stopped deporting Mexicans and Europeans immigrants and some rare occasions farmers in the South were deported because they were mistaken for immigrants -
Migrant monther
-Ms.Lang during her career in 1930's she wanted to use the ower of the image to effect political change.
-Many Americans lost their homes and family in the depression. people were homeless and went hungry millions depended on soup kitchens for their food
-The last photo "migrant mother" was published in the San Francisco March 10, 1936
EFFECT: Was funded by federal agencies farm security administration helped draw attention to the desperate conditions in rural America during the Great Depression -
Francis Townsend
Dr, Francis T was an American physician who devised the Townsend Plan, a popular proposal for state-funded old-age pensions
-Planned to End the Great Depression by opening jobs for young people -
William Randolph Hearst
-Hearst's reputation suffered in the 1930's as his policy/views changed in 1932. He was a major supporter of FDR his newspapers throughout 1933
-Hearst broke with FDR in the spring of 1935 when the president vetoed the pat man bonus bill -
Dustbowl
Human Causes
-farmers had been plowing the grass lands for crops in central plains & trapping underground water supplies
Natural Causes
-10 year drought occurred. Farmers had to move to California because their harvest has been destroyed The wind carried the topsoil away this is why it was called the Dustbowl -
FDR first term
Roosevelt's famous quote "Only thing we have to fear is fear itself" addressing himself cause if the economic crisis and its moral, dimensions, Roosevelt placed blame squarely on the greed and shortsightedness of Bankers and businessman
He defeated Herber Hoover
Major issue Americans facing widespread unemployment
Great depression continued the nations economy continued wheeze -
20th Amendment
-The 20th amendment was to move the inauguration up for February to January, so two presidents will not be in office at the same time
-this period is called the "lame duck" period
"Lame Duck: is an elected official whose time in an office or position will soon end and does litle as the president -
Agricultural Adjustment Act
Its purpose was to help farmers by reducing production of staple crops, taxes forced farmers to cut amounts they marketed
The government even paid for farmers not to grow crops so prices would not go off and help land -
FDIC
(Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation)
-Purpose was to provide stability to the economy and the failing bank system
-Insured bank deposits so that people wont lose their savings in bank failures
-This was Roosevelt's reform of the "New Deal" -
New deal
He tried to stabilize the economy and provide jobs and relief to those who were suffering and aimed to restore some measure of dignity and prosperity to many Americans through this deal
The federal government helped care for dependent children's and the disabled, and the federal government built dams along the Tennessee River that controlled flooding and generated inexpensive hydroelectric power for the people in the area -
21st Amendment
The 21st amendment repealed prohibition
was ratified because many people had simply refused to accept the ban on alcohol in the white house during prohibition -
TVA
-The Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) is a federal owned corporation in the United States to provide navigation, flood control, electricity generation, fertilizer generation, fertilizer manufacturing, and economic. This was part of Roosevelt's 3'rs of the New Deal -
SEC
-Sec was created to watch over the stock market, prevent fraud, and guard against other stock market collapse.
-Was Roosevelt's reform against the New Deal -
Period: to
New Deal
-The plan of "relief, recovery,& reform" was relief for the unemployed poor recovery of the economy to normal levels, & reform of the financial system to prevent a repeat depression
-The "New Deal" was a sense of social liberal programs enacted in the United States
-The "New Deal" produced a political realignment making the democratic party the majority
-Roosevelt explained his policies in simple conversational terms known as "fireside chats" He addressed the nation by radio -
Gold Reserve Act
- United States had a bi-metallic system of money -Silver was traded. -Gold Standard came to an end in 1933 when Roosevelt issued an executive order outlawing the ownership of gold besides jewelry -Roosevelt wanted people to rely on "Flat Money" (Paper Money)
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Social Security Act 1935
-In the pre-Social Security era almost no one had any reliable cash-generating form of retirement security.
-It is an Act to provide for the general welfare by enabling the states to make more adequate provisions for aged people and many other needing assistance
-Helps elderly people get checks for retirement due to the dedicated social security payroll taxes paid by employee and employer -
Judicial Producers reform bill
The reform was frequently called the "court packing plan" was a legislative initiative proposed by the U.S
President Franklin D Roosevelt to add more justice to the US supreme court
The Bill was to increase the number of US supreme court justice then to bring in several new justices who would change the balance of opinion on the court
Roosevelt failed many times at attempting to pass the law it's failure exposed the limits of Roosevelt abilities to pass legislation -
grapes of wrath
The author was John Steinbeck published in 1939
Okies-farm families from Southern Plains who migrated to California in 1930
People think they are migrating to California for better future, but reality is its hard to find jobs
route 66 was the path migrant farmers used to get to California from the Dust Bowl area -
return to normalcy
-Warren Hardig's "Return to Normalcy" (before WW1) b/c "America first" campaigned which encouraged industrialization & a strong economy, independent of foreign influence
-He supported isolationism
-He wanted the US to focus on peace firm production and prosperity (better life)
BANK RUN a large # of customers of a bank or another financial intuition withdraw their deposits simultaneously
-Bank failure when a a bank is unable to meet obligation to its deposit of other creditors b/c insolvent