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Sofonisba Anguissola (c. 1532 – 1625) was an Italian Renaissance painter. She received a well-rounded education that included the fine arts. As a young woman, Anguissola travelled to Rome where she was introduced to Michelangelo, who immediately recognized her talent. The Spanish queen, Elizabeth of Valois, recruited her to go to Madrid as her tutor, with the rank of lady-in-waiting. She later became an official court painter to the king, Philip II.
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Lavinia Fontana (1552 – 1614) was a Bolognese Mannerist painter active in Bologna and Rome. She is best known for her successful portraiture, but also worked in the genres of mythology and religious painting. She was trained by her father Prospero Fontana who was a teacher at the School of Bologna. She is regarded as the first female career artist in Western Europe as she relied on commissions for her income. She was perhaps the first woman artist to paint female nudes.
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Fede Galizia, better known as Galizia, (c. 1578– c. 1630) was an Italian Renaissance painter of still-lifes, portraits, and religious pictures. She is especially noted as a painter of still-lifes of fruit, a genre in which she was one of the earliest practitioners in European art. She is not as well known as other female artists because she did not have access to court-oriented or aristocratic social circles, nor had she sought the particular patronage of political rulers and noblemen.
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