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Imperialism
Imperialism is the state policy, or advocacy of extending power and dominion, especially by direct territorial acquisition or by gaining political and economic control of other territories and peoples. The Age of Imperialism, a time period beginning around 1760, saw European industrializing nations, engaging in the process of colonizing, influencing, and annexing other parts of the world. WWI and WWII involved imperialism.
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Republicanism
Republicanism is the doctrine that public power should always serve the common good of all those subject to its rule. The idea of Republicanism was first introduced to America by England's revolution. Republicanism was widespread in 1775, and formed the basis for American Revolution. There are currently two major parties in America, the Democratic party and the Republican Party.
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Sand Creek Massacre
Sand Creek was a village of approximately 800 Indians, and their chief approached US Army seeking for protection. The Army assured them not be disturbed, yet this promise was a scheme. On the morning of November 29, Colonel John Chivington ordered his volunteers to kill everyone in Sand Creek including women and children. This massacre triggered wars between Indians and Americans.
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National Labor Union
National Labor Union was a political action from 1866 to 1873 that fought for the right of workers. The organizer had very ambitious goals, and took labor activity into political arena. However, a major problem of this organization was that it brought together different groups that had different agendas, and racist tendencies of the time prevailed. Therefore, the National Labor Union withered away when the Panic of 1873 hit America.
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The Gilded Age
The Gilded Age was an era of rapid economic growth. Railroads were the major growth industry in US. US built transcontinental railroads that linked union pacific and central pacific. Many famous tycoons emerged during this era, such as Robber Baron, found benefit through oil and became the first billionaire, and Andrew Carnegie, who created the larges steel company in the world.
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TImeline
This timeline includes some big events that took place from 1877 to 2011. -
Spanish-American War
Hostilities began after the internal explosion of USS Maine, leading to America's intervention. Revolts had been occurring in Cuba against Spanish colonial rule, and the US backed up these revolts. A 10-week war was fought in both the Caribbean and the Pacific. At last, the Treaty of Paris allowed the US to gain temporary control of Cuba, and Spain received a 20 million payment from the US.
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Worth it?
In WWI, although Americans won the war, they sacrificed a lot. This led to the question: was it worth it? WWI has unprecedented levels of destruction. The US made ventures to make the world safe for democracy, yet it only led to a more destructive war. Therefore, even though America's involvement protected its national sovereignty, the result didn't turn out as they thought.
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Sinking the Lusitania
As British and German declared war, the isolationist US public had concerns about their trade's safety. German government warned Americans that any ship with war supplies risked submarine attack. When Lusitania departed from NY, Germans believed that this passenger ship was loaded with munitions, so they torpedoed the ship, causing 1198 deaths. This act enraged the US, thus, they joined in the war supporting the Allies.
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Cultural revival
The Harlem Renaissance brought African American's experience within the corpus of American cultural History. It also attracted world wide concentration served as a symbol of cultural awakening. For the first time, mainstream critics viewed African American literature seriously. Moreover, the progress provided a growing sense of Black urbanity.
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Treaty of Versailles
This treaty ended the World War I and outlined a world they thought to be safe. Wilson, president of the US, presented fourteen points about his world view but was declined by the victorious Allied powers because the Republican leader of the Senate was very suspicious of Wilson and his treaty. It turned out that the treaty led to an even bloodier clash.
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The great depression
On October 29,1929, the stock market crashed. As a result, banks collapsed because many loans would go unpaid, so many working-class families lost their savings. Unemployment was another problem. Despair swept the nation, and many Americans were outraged.
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Martin Luther King Jr.
Martin Luther King Jr was an American Baptist and activist who became the most visible spokesman and leader in the American civil rights movement. He advanced Civil Rights movement through non-violence and civil disobedience. In 1963, he delivered the famous "I have a dream" speech on the steps of the Lincoln Memorial. In 1968, he was fatally shot as he stood on a balcony.
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The New Deal
The New Deal, enacted by Franklyn D Roosevelt, included new constraints and safeguards on the banking industry and efforts to re-inflate the economy after the Great Depression. This program sparked revolution for it involves government intervention in a capitalism society. FDR created work-relief programs that pay individuals to perform jobs, creating opportunities for the unemployed. The New Deal saved the US.
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The attack on Pearl Harbor
The attack on Pearl Harbor was a surprise military attack performed by Japan upon the US. Japan hoped to capture the Philippines and American islands holdings before the American navy could recuperate and retaliate. At December 7th, the Japanese ordered attack. The consequences was severe: many were killed and battleships were damaged. Their attacks outraged the Americans, and the American people plunged into the conflict.
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Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki
During WWII, RDF began a project called the Manhattan project, where scientists worked to develop nuclear weapons. The world had entered a nuclear age. Harry Truman, president of the US after RDF, made the decision to use the atomic bomb to demand Japan for an immediate unconditional surrender. After the drop of two atomic bombs, the Japanese surrendered on August 14,1945.
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Berlin Blockade
The Berlin Blockade was one of the first major crisis in Cold War. After the success in WWII, the Allies occupied Berlin, and divided Berlin into two parts--west and east. The Soviet Union blocked the Western Allies' road, railway and canal access to the sectors of Berlin under Western control. People in west Berlin suffered through hunger. To rescue innocent citizens, the western allies organized the Berlin Airlift to carry supplies to the citizens.
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Racism
American was known as an immigrant country, which brought benefits, but it also brought racism. Racism has long been a problem in the US. Back in the 1950s, discrimination reached its peak. Luckily, heroes stood out to speak for the majority, such as Martin Luther King Jr., Rosa Parks... However, the problem wasn't solved. Even until today, people of different races still faced prejudice and discrimination.
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Montgomery bus boycott
The Montgomery bus boycott was a political and a social protest campaign against the policy of racial segregation on the public transit system of Montgomery, Alabama. It was a foundational event in the civil rights movement in the United States. Rosa Parks refused to surrender her seat to a white person, and was arrested and fined. The action of arresting Rosa Parks enraged the African Americans, and led to further Civil Rights movements.
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The Cuban Missile Crisis
The Cuban Missile Crisis was a one month four day confrontation between the Soviet Union and the US. It escalated into an international crisis when American deployments of missiles in Italy were matched by the Soviet Union's deployments of missiles in Cuba. This war marked the climax of the antagonistic relation between the US and the Soviet Union, and it was also the closest to starting WWIII, a nuclear war.
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Technology Revolution
The last decade of the 20th century marked dizzying changes in the US: the Cold War ended, the collapse of the Soviet Union, scientists developed the Internet... The development of the internet allowed people to communicate freely without the restrictions of time and place. The United States entered the 21st century as the leading users of Internet and satellite technology. These devices opened new windows.
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