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Indian Removal
Indian removal was a policy of the United States government where Native Americans were forced to be removed from their home into United States reservation. They wanted to do this because the government wanted more room for the whites. This led to the Indian Removal Act. -
Urbanization
Urbanization is people moving from rural to urban areas. Even though this is still going on today today , it was caused by people leaving their farm to go to work at the factory in the city in the 1840. This was due to the Industrial Revolution. -
Industrialization
Industrialization was the process when an economy is transformed from farming to making goods in factories. Even though industrialization brought goods to people that didn't have it before it also caused waste and pollution. One of the the biggest problem was child labor. -
Manifest Destiny
Manifest Destiny was a widely belief that God wanted settlers to move West in America. This led to the Native American removal and war with Mexico. The term/concept “Manifest Destiny” were from people who wanted to take the Oregon Territory, California, Mexican land in the 1850s. But John L. O’Sullivan was the 1st one to express the phrase in an article he edited in 1845 . -
Homestead Act
In 1862 congress passed the Homestead Act offering 160 acres of land to any citizen. They had to live in it for 5 years, improve the land, and paying a small fee of about $30. Even it was first a good deal but turned out the land has terrible soil and weather, so many farmers were forced to use a different style of farming. -
Political Machines
A political machine is an organization who is controlled by a boss or small group whose main goals were rewards of getting or keeping the power. They were known for fraud and bribery. Many cities politicians were accused of using the political machines in the late 19th century. -
Susan B. Anthony
Susan B. Anthony was one of the first women's rights supporter who played an important role in the women's suffrage movement and she was the president of the National American Woman Suffrage Association. Her contribution was one of the reasons why the 19th Amendment was passed, which gave women the rights to vote. With her friend Elizabeth Cady Stanton, they founded the National Woman Suffrage Association in 1869. -
Immigration & the American Dream 1870
Many immigrants moved to the U.S. hoping for a better opportunities. The American Dream can mean many things to different people such as freedom, wealth, etc… Most Americans usually think it’s wealth -
Haymarket Riot
The Haymarket Riot was the result of a bombing that took place in Chicago. It was a peaceful demonstration until someone exploded a bomb. After the bomb was exploded, that ignited gunfire led to the deaths of seven police officers and at least four civilians. -
Dawes Act
The Dawes Act was passed by Congress in 1887, which gave the President of the United States give Native Americans land. The U.S. government gave the Indians 160 acres of land. This was an attempt to make the Native Americans to be more like Americans. -
The Gilded Age
This was the term Mark Twain gave to the late 19th century. This was the period of economic growth mostly due to industrialization , the economy was spreading into new places. But their was also the downside to this and it was the widespread corruption in the politician. -
Eugene V. Debs
Eugene V. Debs Head of the American Railway Union. He ran for president while i prison as a socialist. He also led the 1894 Pullman Strike -
Klondike Gold Rush
Klondike Gold Rush an attempt by around 100,000 people to travel to the Klondike region of the Yukon in 1897, hoping to find gold. Out of 100,000 people only 4,000 people found gold. This ended in 1899 because people found gold in Alaska. -
Populism & Progressivism
The populist which was farmers who believed industrialists controlled the government and were making the laws against the them. Progressivism is the middle class who struggle with the unfair election system, exploitation of workers, women and children, and corruption. They both wanted change so they started a movement. -
Nativism
Favoritism toward the people who were born in the their country. This caused immigrants to not have an equal opportunities, jobs, etc… It also could mean natives want to protect their country by keeping the immigrants out. -
Theodore Roosevelt Jr.
Theodore Roosevelt Jr. was an American soldier, he served as the 26th President of the United States. He was the first president to created national monuments, forests and parks. Theodore Roosevelt established the Pure Food and Drug Act and the Meat Inspection Act, it helped the food industry by establishing rules and regulation on cleanliness. -
Andrew Carnegie
Andrew Carnegie is the owner of the Carnegie Steel Company in the Gilded Age. He was born into a poor family but he rose up and was one of the richest man in the world. He invested in many things such as railroads, oil, etc... Andrew sold his company in 1901 for $480 million, in 2015 that's worth $370 billion. -
Muckraker
They are journalist who exposes the injustices in the U.S. society. Some of the popular muckrakers are Lincoln Steffens,Thomas Nast,Ida Tarbell ,Jacob Riis. The issue of McClure's is considered to be the beginning of muckraking journalism. -
Initiative & Referendum
Initiative mean that people have the right to propose a new law. Referendum mean that a law passed by the legislature can be approve or veto by the people. This limit that power of the government. -
Pure Food and Drug Act
Pure Food and Drug Act was passed in 1906, it requires food manufacturers to tell the truth about their food and drug products. Due to this act, it led to the creation of the FDA. Also in the act, drugs label must contain “dangerous” or “addictive” if they were, and must list the ingredients -
Upton Sinclair
Upton Sinclair was an American writer who wrote “The Jungle”, it was about the harsh conditions of immigrants in who worked in the factories in the U.S. This led to federal government to approve the Pure Food and Drug Act and improving in working conditions for factory workers. Many of Upton Sinclair’s ideas helped out the rise to labor unions -
Ida B. Wells
Ida B. Wells was an African-American pioneer in the Civil Rights Movement, and she was one of the founders of the NAACP. In the 1890s, Ida was the leader of an anti-lynching crusade in the United States. She was also active in the women's suffrage movement and women's rights, just like Susan B. Anthony. -
Dollar Diplomacy
Dollar diplomacy was a term used to described how the U.S. was using their money toward other countries to have more power. During the early 1900s, President William Howard Taft tried to extend the U.S. power by giving loans to foreign countries. In March 1909, he tried to establish control over Honduras by buying up its debt to British bankers but he failed. -
Third Parties Politics
Third political parties are just are the parties which are not the Republican or Democratic. Some of the popular 3rd parties are Socialist Party,Bull Moose Party. They usually face adversity because they don't have enough fund or support . -
William Jennings Bryan
William Jennings Bryan was a politician, who served as the United States Secretary of State and United States House of Representatives. He was nominated to be president 2 times but lost both times. But in the end, he supported for world peace, prohibition and women’s suffrage. -
16th Amendments
The 16th Amendment allowed the government to collect tax (income tax) is which will be use to buying or building something for the people. This allows for the federal government to have an army, build roads, highways ,etc… The government adopted this amendment due to Pollock v. Farmers' Loan & Trust Co. -
17th Amendments
The 17th Amendment basically mean that every state will have 2 Senators and they will elected every 6 years. Also stated in the amendment if a senator leaves office, the governor can appoint someone to fill that opening. The 17th Amendment was ratified in 1913. -
Federal Reserve Act
It created the federal reserve system, and the central banking system of the United States. This help smaller banks stay in business. It led to the creation of the US dollar. -
18th Amendments
This banned the sale, manufacture and transportation of alcohol. Even though the 18th Amendment lasted 13 years, during the time it made some people rich since they sold illegal alcohol. In 1933 the 21st Amendment repealed the 18th Amendment. -
19th Amendment
The 19th Amendment guaranteed women the constitutional right to vote. The women’s suffrage movement has a lot to do with the ratification of this amendment. Tennessee was the decider vote for this this amendment. -
Suffrage
Suffrage is another word for the legal right to vote. Suffrage was only first available to white male but then it extended to other races and women. This happened to through many movements and protests -
Teapot Dome Scandal
Teapot Dome Scandal started when Albert Fall leased government oil reserves land in California and at Teapot Dome, Wyoming to private oil companies. Doing this he received money and gifts from the companies. Albert Fall was later sent to prison, and he was the first cabinet official to do so. -
Clarence Darrow
Clarence Darrow was a leading member of the American Civil Liberties Union. He also was a lawyer, he was known for defending killers Leopold and Loeb for killing a teenage boy. From all the bribery charges Clarence went from a labor lawyer to a criminal lawyer. -
Jane Addams
Jane Addams is one of the first leader in women's suffrage. In 1931 she became the first American woman to earned the Nobel Peace Prize. Jane served as president of the Women's International League for Peace and Freedom.
