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The first spotting of the moon through a telescope by Galileo Galilei
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First vehicle to cross the Kármán line and thereby enter outer space
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First space research flight
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First U.S. designed rocket to reach the edge of space, five months later sending the first pictures of Earth from 105 km
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First animals launched into space (fruit flies) by the U.S.
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First animal launched into orbit, dog named Laika launched by USSR and did not return alive
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First photos of another world from space: The far side of the Moon USSR
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First human on the Moon and first space launch from a celestial body
First sample return from the Moon USA (NASA) -
First multinational manned mission USSR USA (NASA)
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First photos and soil samples from the surface of Mars USA (NASA)
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First Reusable manned spacecraft (orbital) USA (NASA)
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First Venus soil samples & sound recording of another world USSR
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First untethered spacewalk, Bruce McCandless II USA (NASA)
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Record longest duration spaceflight (437.7 days) set by Valeri Polyakov Russia (FKA)
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Lettuce was the first food eaten that was grown in space. USA (NASA) Japan (JAXA)