-
Hidalgo's speech sparks rebellion
On January 17, 1811, on the front steps of his church in Dolores, Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla gave the speech that would spark revolution in Texas and make him known as the father of Mexican independence (137). https://tse4.mm.bing.net/th?id=OIP.ig5Jvgrj-RonjiKlW03NXgHaHa&pid=Api&P=0&h=180 -
The Casas Revolt
On January 1, 1811, Juan Bautista de Las Casas led Texas' first revolt against Spain in San Antonio. This could be seen as a precursor to the Gutierrez-Magee Expedition taking Texas again in 1813. https://tse4.mm.bing.net/th?id=OIP.ig5Jvgrj-RonjiKlW03NXgHaHa&pid=Api&P=0&h=180 -
Period: to
Gutierrez-Magee Expedition
Between August 1, 1812, and March 29, 1813, Gutierrez de Lara and Augusts Magee lead an expedition of over 300 men across the Sabine river, to Nacogdoches and Santisma Trinidad de Salcedo, occupying La Bahia, and eventually culminating in the Battle of Rosillo. This allowed the Republican Army of the North to takr San Antonio and establish the Republic of Texas (140,141). -
The Republic of Texas is established.
On April 1, 1813, Gutierrez de Lara and Samuel Kempner lead the Republic Army of the North to take San Antonio, securing Texas independence. This was important because it showed how weak Spanish control was in Texas (141). https://alchetron.com/cdn/bernardo-gutirrez-de-lara-3535f7bc-b0e7-49ba-84c1-41b7d5859d3-resize-750.jpeg -
Government control over the Republic of Texas is decided
On August 4 of 1813, in Bexar, Jose Alvarez de Toledo won government control of the New Republic of Texas over Gutierrez de Lara. This is important because if Gutierrez de Lara had won government control, the battle on August 18 might have had a different outcome (141). https://cloud10.todocoleccion.online/libros-segunda-mano/tc/2023/02/01/12/389915489_tcimg_FA34EFFC.webp -
Arredondo's royalist army defeats Toledo's rebel army
On August 18, 1813, General Joaquin Arredondo and his royalist army won over Jose Alvarez de Toledo's Republican Army of the North in a battle a few miles south of the Medina River. This allowed Arredondo's army to take San Antonio and Nacogdoches, and marked the end of the first Republic of Texas (141,142). https://s.hdnux.com/photos/14/60/01/3342414/4/ratio1x1_960.webp -
Adams-Onis treaty is signed
During February 1819 (specific date unknown), John Quincy Adams and Luis de Onis met in Washington to sign the Adams-Onis treaty. This was important because it would trigger the Long expedition to attempt to 'liberate' Texas from Spain (145,146). https://www.tshaonline.org/images/handbook/entries/AA/adams-on%C3%ADs-treaty-of-1819.jpg -
Period: to
Long Expedition
In June 1819, James Long and his force of over 300 men consisting of rebels and insurgents occupied Nacogdoches and declared an independent government for Texas. This was important because it undermined the already weak Spanish power in Texas (146). -
The Plan of Iguala is signed
On February 24 1821, Agustin de Iturbide and Vicente Guerrero met in the city of Iguala to sign the Plan of Iguala, or 'The Three Guarantees'. This was important because it established Mexico as an independent constitutional monarchy (147). https://tse3.mm.bing.net/th?id=OIP.E_wuIxwwaWWoD2Fs8BzD5AHaJS&pid=Api&P=0&h=180 -
Bexar's leaders take an oath to independent Mexico
On July 19 1821, the civilian community in Bexar gathered in the main plaza to watch civilian and military officials, including Lt. Col. Ignacio Perez take an oath to the new nation of Mexico. This event is important because it marks the end of the Spanish rule in Mexico (148). https://tse1.mm.bing.net/th?id=OIP.GGo7OezVKVylQgsPW9wfNAHaE7&pid=Api&P=0&h=180
