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500 Cheyenne and Arapaho attacked by about 700 federal troops unprovoked on Sand Creek in Colorado.
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Reconstruction cause a new era in the South with more capitalist economy, stepping away from relying on agriculture.
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Laws to racially suppress, black codes, segregation.
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Goals: Higher wages and 8-hour work days, did not let women and Black people join.
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The poor (majority black) in the south farming someone else's land for part of the crops and profit
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Advance methods of agriculture and social and economically support farmers.
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Built to connect different regional economies and grow railroad industry.
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Allowed all types of workers including women and Black people at they fought for 8-hour work days, but unorganized.
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Battle between Sioux and US soldiers and settlers after encroaching on Black Hills reservation, Sioux surrendered and forced back in reservation or killed.
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Many immigrants coming for work opportunity, first wave German and Irish, second wave Russian and Italian, nativism against southern and eastern European immigrants.
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Applying Christian principles to social problems, progressive social reforms.
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Stopped immigration from China until 1965 due to nativism and fear of job competition in the west.
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Support workers bargain for better conditions, not strikes, want to abolish child labor, trusts, and monopolies.
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Require railroad rates to be "reasonable and just", individual states could not regular interstate commerce.
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Labor protest in Haymarket Square, Chicago, bomb was thrown at police and violence ensued, less trust in labor unions.
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Railroad companies cut wages and strike starts 500,000 men strong, President Hayes used federal troops for first time to end labor violence (more than 100 people killed).
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Carnegie's belief in upper class philanthropy to give back to society.
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Attempted to decrease power and creation of trusts due to public concern, but not enforced well.
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The U.S. Bureau of the Census announced the western frontier closed from amount of white settlers.
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During a confrontation over a hundred Sioux people were slaughtered by troops when someone started doing the ghost dance.
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A ceremony by Native Americans after conflicts for hope and to bring prosperity, peace, and protection.
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New political party for the people, farmers, and wanted to attack laissez faire capitalism by taking economic power away from trusts and bankers. Overall economic and social reform, excluding African Americans.
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James Weaver, Populist candidate won over 1 million votes and 22 electoral votes, big deal for third party candidate.
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After a 20% wage cut workers strike at Andrew Carnegie's Homestead Steel plant, violence and strikebreakers used for months.
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Economic panic/depression with a run on currency, bank closures, and high unemployment rate.
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Strike due to cut wages and firing of worker delegates. Tied up transportation around the country and federal court issued injunction to break the strike and boycott.
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The establishment of legal segregation as "separate but equal"
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A strike by miners, mostly immigrants, due to low wages and extremely dangerous working conditions, 19 killed while trying to break up the strike.
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March of thousand of unemployed people to the capital to demand the government to create more jobs.