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Thomas Kuhn
Thomas Kuhn was born on July 18, 1922, in Cincinnati, OH and passed away on Jun 17, 1996, in Cambridge, MA. He was known as a philosopher of science, physicist, and a historian. He is most commonly known for his contribution called the paradigm shift. -
thomas kuhn
The paradigm shift was introduced in his rather controversial book named the structure of scientific revolutions, which was published in 1962. This book suggested that a paradigm happens in different phases.
Kuhn, T. S. (2015). The structure of scientific revolutions. Chicago, IL: The University of Chicago Press. -
thomas kuhn
Phase one is “Normal Science", that is to say, everyday, bread-and-butter science, is a "puzzle-solving" activity conducted under a reigning "paradigm". ("Thomas Kuhn's Theory of Scientific Revolutions", n.d.) -
thomas kuhn
Phase three is “This opens up a period called the "crisis", during which time new methods and approaches are permitted since the older ones have proved incapable of rising to the task at hand (solving the anomaly). Views and procedures previously considered heretical are temporarily permitted, in the hope of cracking the anomaly.” ("Thomas Kuhn's Theory of Scientific Revolutions", n.d.) -
thomas kuhn
Phase four is ”One of these new approaches is successful, and it becomes the new paradigm through a "paradigm shift". This constitutes the core of the scientific revolution. “ ("Thomas Kuhn's Theory of Scientific Revolutions", n.d.) -
thomas kuhn
Thomas believed that science wasn't at all chaotic like, but became more pattern like. He also believed that science isn't necessarily critical, but the specific moments of discovery were the critical moments throughout history. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tasVTgZc9Gw -
thomas kuhn
Phase two is “An "anomaly" arises when a puzzle, considered as important or essential in some way, cannot be solved. The anomaly cannot be written off as just an ill-conceived research project; it continues to assert itself as a thorn in the side of the practicing scientists. The anomaly is a novelty that cannot be written off, and which cannot be solved.” ("Thomas Kuhn's Theory of Scientific Revolutions", n.d.) -
citation
Kuhn, T. S. (2015). The structure of scientific revolutions. Chicago, IL: The University of Chicago Press.
Thomas Kuhn's Theory of Scientific Revolutions. (n.d.). Retrieved March 10, 2019, from https://bertie.ccsu.edu/naturesci/PhilSci/Kuhn.html