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The space era
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The launch of Sputnik I
History changed on October 4, 1957, when the Soviet Union successfully launched Sputnik I. It was the world’s first artificial satellite and it had the size of a beach ball. The Sputnik launch changed everything. As a technical achievement, Sputnik caught the world's attention and the American public off-guard. Its size was more impressive than Vanguard's intended 3.5-pound payload. In addition, the public feared that the Soviets' ability to launch satellites also translated into th -
Pioneer program
On August 17, 1985, the pioneer 0 was launched to take pictures of the planets in our solar system. But after 77 seconds of launch, the pioneer 0 crashed into the Pacific Oceanr. Pioneer 11 and 12 was the most successful spacecrafts in the program -
Mercury 7
On October 7, 1958, National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) announced project Mercury. There were three objectives: to place a human spacecraft into orbital flight around Earth, observe human performance in such conditions, and recover the human and the spacecraft safely. This project later influenced the Gemini and Apollo programs. -
Venera program
The Venera program was created on Febuary 12, 1961, It's mission is to study Venus. Everyday, the probes are slowly escaping our solar system. Golden records, music, and noises were brought along in case of an encounter with other life forms -
Mariner Program
It's mission was to explore Mars, Venus, and Mercury. The project lasted from 1962 to 1973.It took pictures and tools to measure radiation, magnetic fields and cameras to take photos -
Viking porgram
On August 20, 1975, the Viking 1 was launched to collect data from Mar's dark spots. The probes had found canyons and gorges on Mar's suface, 16, 000 pictures were taken and soil samples were collected. This program's final cost was 1 billion dollars -
Voyager Spacecraft
The spacecraft was launched on September 5, 1977 at Cape Canaveral, Florida. It's mission is to explore large planets such as Jupiter and Saturn. Each spacecraft cost 250 million each. The spacecraft contains records, and other noises in case of an encounter with space aliens. This mission gave us more info about outer space -
Space shuttles
On April 12, 1981, NASA sent out the first space shuttle into space. The reason why is because Kennedy wanted the United States wanted to beat Russia to the moon. there was a toal of 6 shuttles sent and each cost 1.6 billion dollars. It help improve the technology at that time -
Magellan spacecraft
The Megallen spacecraft's peupose is to orbit the planet venus and map out the planet. It was completely made out of scrap metal leftover from earlier missions. Intentionally crashed into Venus -
Galileo spacraft
This unmanned spacecraft was sent to Jupiter to study the planet. It cost 1.6 billion dollars to create. The spacecraft the total of 14,387 photos of Jupiter, it also caught a comet, the shoemaker, crashing into Jupiter's surface -
Hubble Space Telescope
NASA created this telescope, along with the help of ESA and the Space Telescope Operation Center. It's mission is to take pictures of the Earth, so far it was the most successful space mission. It cost 2.5 billion dollars. The spacecraft is named after Hubble, a scientist during the 1900's -
N.E.A.R mission
This mission was created by NASA and it's purpose is to find out how the earth was formed. It cost 224 million dollars in total. The mission used and designed computers and invented new technology -
Mars Rover
This project lasted from 1971 to 2013. It's mission was to explore the red planet, Mars. Most of the rovers failed, but some succeeded. It took years of building and the cost of 820 million dollars -
Cassini spacecraft
The Cassini spacecraft was launched to gather data from Saturn. It was launched at Cape Canaveral, FL on October 15, 1997. It was named after the Saturnine Summer Solstice on May 2017. It was also meant to study Titan, the biggest moon of Saturn -
Space stations
The space stations were created by many different countries and programs, such as NASA, RFSA, and the CSA. The purpose of these stations is to learn about space. Final cost of this project was 150 billion dollars -
Genesis spacecraft
The Genesis spacecraft was launched for collecting samples of solar wind -
Galileo spacecraft crashes
After 25 time of orbit, the Galileo spacecraft plunges onto the surface of Jupiter -
Genesis spacecraft crashes
The Genisis's parachute failed on the way back to earth, making a crash landing in Utah on September 8, 2004 -
Gemini program
• The Gemini program consisted of a total of 19 launches, 2 initial unscrewed test missions, 7 target vehicles, and 10 crewed missions, each of which carried two astronauts to Earth orbit. It was also a bridge between the Mercury and Apollo programs