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1200
1200s
Way before the Renaissance and the 1500s a lot of people in this time thought that magic and science was the same thing and never thought to experiment much with it besides entertainment. A scientist named Roger Bacon, who was an English philosopher who did not believe in studying and accepting science for religious and ancient ideas and more for the truth. He practiced alchemy and also taught alchemy. Roger Bacon was a rare scientist that didn't practice for religion and ancient beliefs. -
1503
~1503
Nicolaus Copernicus was a famous, even today, founder of astronomy. His theory that the earth moves and revolves around the sun. He became a symbol of new ideas and the approach that brought the Scientific revolution. This time people and scientists started to question ancient beliefs. -
1543
1543
Nicolaus Copernicus's theory about the earth revolving around the sun was published and nobody paid attention because it wasn't what ancient beliefs were. Everyone around him believed that since they saw the sun "move" around the earth, that means it really does as well as nobody felt the earth move. Since back then they didn't have the right tools to prove Copernicus's theory correct, it stood as just non sense. -
1594
Galileo Galilei is an Italian scientist that helped confirm Copernicus's theory and new understanding. Galileo as well invented the telescope, he observed the mountains and valley's of the moon and the rings that is around Saturn. As well as the spots on the sun. He used this to argue that not everything revolves around earth. -
Late 1500s
A dutch scientist named Antoni van Leeuwenhoek invented the microscope in the late 1500s. He invented it to discover bacteria but they weren't called bacteria back then. It was called at one point animalcules. He studied and wrote about all the bacteria nobody ever saw with the human eye. -
1609
Johannes Kepler was a very intelligible mathematician who used models, observations and math to test out Copernicus's heliocentric theory. Some of the ideas on which Copernicus had based his theory were wrong. This slowed Kepler down, but eventually Kepler proved the heliocentric theory accurate. He published this in 1609. And this theory got around and everyone slowly started to believe that the earth orbited around the sun. -
1620
Francis Bacon was an English philosopher and scientists with the theories that developed only through observations. He once said that "No assumption could be trusted unless it could be proven by repeatable experiments." Bacon believed that the truths of an experiment relied more on physical demonstration rather than deductive thinking or reasoning. In 1620 he published a book that retraced his theory. -
1632
Galileo published his theory in 1632 which was that he believed that the Earth moved around the sun instead of the other way around. When Galileo published his theory and observations it cause a riot and many scholars and people believed that the sun revolved around the earth according to what they see and the bible. People of the churches were disapproving because what he says contradicted the bible. Some even say that the telescope was an invention of the devil. -
1637
Rene Descartes was a french philosopher and mathematician. He was a leader of the Scientific Revolution and his ideas lead to great advancements in science and math. As well as philosophy. In 1637 he stated that all assumptions had to be proven "on the basis of known facts." He believed for instance that his own existence was proven by the fact that he could form actual thoughts. -
1650
In Descartes's mind or theory, that all fields of scientific knowledge were connected, which in theory should be tested and studied together. His work included geometry, algebra, the scientific method (which we still use today), astronomy, and the physical sciences. He created the theory and described how the light reflects off smooth surfaces. Most of Descartes's work went against traditional religion teachings and was forced to live in Protestants kingdom of Sweden and later died in 1650. -
1662
An English-Irish scientist Robert Boyle helped build the modern science of chemistry. Chemistry is the study of composition of matter as well as how it changes. In 1662, Boyle observed that the pressure and temperature affected the space that a gas occupies. -
1666
The French Academy of Sciences was founded in 1666 -
1687
In 1687 an English scientist names Isaac Newton published a book about the theory and work of Copernicus, Kepler and Galileo. After many experiments and measurements, Newton realized that the force that pulls planets in their orbits, cause objects to fall on Earth are the same. He was the one to propose the law of universal gravitation. Newton also explained the laws of motion and built a mathematical mean of measuring. We still today still use that law. -
1774
An English chemist, Joseph Priestley, discovered the element of oxygen in 1774. Although Antoine Lavoisier later named it that. Before Lavoisier a lot pf people believed that fire was an element. He later then showed that fire resulted when a substance rapidly combined with oxygen. By this he proved that matter can change form but neither can be destroyed or created. This law is/was known as the law of conservation of matter. -
Late 1700s
Priestley and Lavoisier made their discoveries in the late 1700s. By that time, the scientific approach had spread across Europe. Human knowledge and understanding yet increased beyond measure. The speed and discovery and rapid spread was important characteristics of the Scientific Revolution.
