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First voyage made to the Americas by Colombus
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Copernicus's theory about the sun being the center of the universe was published. Although, very little people actually paid attention to his theory.
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The first Mercator projection map makes navigation much easier
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Johannes was a brillliant mathematician who used models, observations, and mathematics to prove Copernicus's theory. He published his laws motion.
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Francis Bacon was an English philosopher and scientist that said that no assumption could be trusted unless it could be proven by repeatable experiments. He published his book Novum Organum that outlined this new system of knowledge in 1620.
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Boyle showed that temperature and pressure affect the space that a gas occupies.
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Galilieo published his findings but the work caused uproar. Scholars refused to accept Galileo's findings because they still believed in Ptolemy's old geocentric theory.
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In Discourse on Method, Rene Descrates stated that all assumptions had to be proven on the basis of known facts.
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Since much of his work challenged trational church teachings, Rene Descrates was forced to live in the Protestant kingdom of Sweden and this is where he died.
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Isaac Netwon, an English scientist, published a book building on the work of Copernicus, Kepler, and Galileo. These 3 people had shown that the planets, like Earth, revolve around the Sun.
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An Engish chemist named Joeseph Priestley discovered the elemt oxygen.