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Schools were controlled locally and let boys and girls attend. They learned reading, writing, arithmetic, catechism, and religious hymns. Later they allowed women teach but only in the summer. These subject are still taught today at religious schools.
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This is where kindergarten was created. It was started for 3-5 year to learn moral and intellectual training before entering the work force. Robert Owen also wanted the youngster to have some fun before they had to go to work.
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Horace Mann became the first appointed secretary of education. He believed that education was necessary for all citizens to learn. He believed that local schools needed a shared mission under an overseeing agency devoted to maintain certain standards.
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Stanley Hall believed that children learned in stages and each stage provides the building blocks for the next. He also introduced art, music, gardening, manual training, domestic science, and physical education. He shifted teaching focus from the subject to the student.
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After WWI ended states realized that education was more important then jobs so they started child labor laws. Doing this increased the high school enrollment. There are still child labor laws today.
