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Robert Boyle published a book called "The Sceptical Chymist" which informed people about the fields of chemistry and alchemy. It is also one of the earliest records of atoms, chemicals, and molecule reactions.
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Hennig Brand attempted to create the Philosopher's Stone which turns metal into gold, he tried to create it by using the heated residues of boiled urine when a liquid came out and bursted into flames. This was the first discovery of Phosphorus.
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Robert Boyle also came across Phosphorus and made it well known.
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Henry Cavendish was the first to discover the element of Hydrogen. It was described as colourless, odourless gas that can form an explosive mixture in the air.
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Carl Wihelm Scheele and Joseph Pristly isolate oxygen.