The Cold War By julob 1945 Harry S. Truman becomes president 1946 Winston Churchill declares an “iron curtain” between West and Soviet 1948 Nation of Israel is established 1952 Grace Hopper creates the first compiler 1953 Julius and Ethel Rosenberg are executed for Communist activities 1955 The Warsaw Pact is formed 1956 Fats Domino’s Blueberry Hills tops the charts 1957 Soviet Union launched Sputnik into orbit 1958 NASA is formed 1959 Fidel Castro takes over Cuba