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This new weapon forced opposing warriors to get tangled and not be able to move. This made them sitting ducks for fire from the warriors in the trenches.
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From this point on, all the way until after the end of World War I, Germany would pass Great Britain to become the most powerful of the Great Powers. -
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This alliance consisted of Germany, Italy, and Austria-Hungary. -
A new German kaiser, or emperor, named Wilhelm II took the throne of Germany, and Otto Von Bismarck was forced to resign. -
This new, deadly weapon could fire 600 bullets a minute.
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Japan won this War over Russia, but neither country was very pleased about the results of the War. -
The Railroad, created by Russia, was the first railway to link Europe and Asia. -
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This alliance consisted of Russia, France, and Great Britain. -
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Ferdinand was assassinated by Gavrilo Princip, a Bosnian Serb who had been trained by a Serbian secret terrorist organization called the Black Hand. This was one of the actions that lead to the beginning of World War I. -
The Western Front was stretched across Belgium and northern France, and it moved roughly 3 miles per yer in any direction.
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In August 1914, the French begged Russia to take pressure off of the Western Front by invading Germany. A large Russian force was almost completely destroyed at the city of Tannenberg, just inside Germany’s eastern border. This was because the Germans had much more advanced weaponry, and also because the Russians were not prepared for this battle. Approximately 130,000 of the 150,000 person Russian army were killed, wounded, or taken prisoner.
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The goal of this attack was to take control of the Gallipoli Peninsula, and then conquer the Empire's capital, Constantinople, which would have given them a sea route to Russia to provide supplies that it desperately needed. However, the Allies lost to a strong Turkish defense, despite the Turks suffering more casualties. -
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Also known as a U-boat, this new weapon was created by the Germans, because their navy couldn't compete with the British navy. -
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This deadly weapon was used to panic and ultimately force enemy troops out of their trenches. -
After keeping the Allies at bay in 1915, the Turks, as part of the Ottoman Empire, defeated a force of British colonial troops from India. However, that summer an Arab uprising against Turkish rule drove the Ottomans out of much of the Arabian Peninsula. In December 1917, the British captured Jerusalem.
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In South Africa, a rebellion by South African officers who fought against the British and were pro-German stalled the fighting there. The rebellion ended in February, but the German colony was not defeated until November. -
President Woodrow Wilson declared war on Germany when Germany resumed its previous policy of unrestricted submarine warfare, and when Germany tried to make an alliance with Mexico against the US. -
While the Austrians were conquering Serbia (1915) and Romania (1916), German forces were advancing deep into Russian territory. The huge number of lives and resources lost caused Russia’s government to collapse. Later, a new Russian government signed a peace agreement with the Central Powers and pulled Russia out of the war. -
At first, war airplanes were only used to spy on the enemy, but the more advanced war airplanes were able to direct artillery fire and drop bombs on military and civilian targets. -
The Japanese and the British captured German-held islands in the Pacific. The British and the French also captured colonies in Africa. The Allies eventually seized all of East Africa by outnumbering the African soldiers 130,000 to 12,000. -
After Germany signed an armistice, or an agreement to stop fighting, with the Allies, the “war to end all wars” was finally over. -
Wilfred Owen was a British poet and lieutenant in the British Army, and he wrote several poems about the war before his death. -
These war goals encouraged peace movements in Germany and Austria-Hungary, and contributed to the surrender of Germany. -
Germans launched a massive attack on the British and French forces in this battle. -
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The Allies made treaties with Germany (June 1919), Austria (September 1919), Bulgaria (November 1919), Hungary (June 1920), and Turkey (August 1920). These treaties were concluded at locations around Paris.
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The death, destruction, and disillusionment brought by World War I shook western society to its core. The war caused many people to reject the long-held belief in human progress first expressed by the Enlightenment. This change of attitude was reflected in art and literature during this time.
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In this Conference, started by the US, an agreement was made by the major powers to reduce the size of their navies. -
This treaty restored peace between Turkey and the Allies. It also recognized Turkey’s new government and independence. -
This Ernest Hemingway book reflected people's attitudes about calling the young men and women who came of age after the war as the “lost generation.” -
This agreement between U.S. and French officials drew up an agreement that outlawed war as an instrument of foreign policy. -
This Ernest Hemingway book expressed a dissatisfaction with life that was common in the 1920s.